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Derived from Sanskrit चक्रवर्तिन् (chakravartin) meaning "world-ruler, emperor, monarch" (literally "wheel-turner" or "one who's wheels are turning"), from चक्र (chakra) meaning "wheel, circle" and वर्तिन् (vartin) meaning "abiding, moving, turning". In Hinduism this term refers to a ideal, benevolent monarch who rules the entire world. This was also a title adopted by Indian emperors, metaphorically used to describe a ruler whose chariot's wheels rolled without hindrance.