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The most reliable source for Jewish surnames (Guggenheimer & Guggenheimer, Jewish Family Names and Their Origins) gives the origin of Pevzner/Pevsner as Russian pevec 'singer'.
Gertsenstein/Gertzenstein comes from German Gert, a short form of Gerhard, and Stein 'stone'.
Vitukhnovsky designates a person from Wituchowo which you can situate at http://europe.mapquest.com/maps/map.adp?formtype=address&country=PL&addtohistory=&city=wituchowo
Pritsker/Pritzker is from Slavic Pribislav via German Pritzke.
For the origin of names like Goldenstern, go to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_family_name_etymology.
Dunets is derived from Dun, a kinnui for Dan(iel).
Matskevich is Polish Mackiewicz which is derived from Maciej 'Matthias'.
Metzner designates a person from Metz which you can situate at http://europe.mapquest.com/maps/map.adp?formtype=address&addtohistory=&address=&city=Metz&state=Lorraine&zipcode=&country=FR&location=l4%2fE7SfjzWuCBARjJSjw54PQmxmd3hRmABdcZGAK7k2iFa25gmc7WEASnDHiUqkdAbJfEzUdhq6dq61lb2D1K%2ftwZCoXC1scGzrSFP9LE%2f8%3d&ambiguity=1
Roller is derived from Rol, a kinnui for Israel. As a German name, it means 'cart driver, wagoner'.
For names like Björklöf, see the last paragraph on Scandinavian names at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_name#Scandinavia