The center of power was transferred to the city of Vladimir under Andrey Bogolyubsky in 1168, and then to Moscow under Daniil in 1263. The Mongols of the Golden Horde invaded in the 13th century, destroying Kiev and putting most of the region under their domination for the next two centuries. The dukes were vassals of the Mongols, and had to pay tribute.
Ivan III "the Great" was the first Grand Duke to use the title Tsar (meaning "emperor", ultimately related to Latin Caesar) but it was his grandson Ivan IV "the Terrible" who was first crowned as such. The line of Rurik ended shortly thereafter. The reigns of Boris Gudonov and the Polish king Ladislaus followed, and then the Romanov dynasty came to power. It continued until 1917, when Tsar Nikolai II was executed by the Bolsheviks.
There have been 4 female tsars, called tsaritsas or tsarinas, notably Yekaterina (Catherine) the Great.
Name | Years | Other Names | |
---|---|---|---|
Aleksandr I | 1801-1825 | ||
Aleksandr II | 1855-1881 | ||
Aleksandr III | 1881-1894 | ||
Aleksandr Nevskiy | 1252-1263 | ||
Aleksey | 1645-1676 | ||
Andrey Bogolyubsky | 1168-1174 | ||
Andrey II | 1249-1252 | ||
Andrey III | 1281-1283 | ||
Anna | 1730-1740 | ||
Boris Godunov | 1598-1605 | ||
Daniil | 1283-1303 | ||
Dimitri I | 1277-1281 | ||
Dmitri | 1359-1389 | ||
Dmitri | 1605-1606 | ||
Feodor I | 1584-1598 | ||
Feodor II | 1605 | ||
Feodor III | 1676-1682 | ||
Igor | 912-945 | ||
Ivan I | 1325-1341 | ||
Ivan II | 1353-1359 | ||
Ivan III the Great | 1462-1505 | ||
Ivan IV the Terrible | 1533-1584 | ||
Ivan V | 1682-1696 | ||
Ivan VI | 1740-1741 | ||
Iziaslav I | 1054-1073; 1077-1078 | ||
Iziaslav II | 1146-1154 | ||
Iziaslav III | 1157-1159 | ||
Konstantin | 1216-1218 | ||
Mikhail | 1174-1176 | ||
Mikhail I | 1613-1645 | ||
Mstislav I the Great | 1125-1132 | ||
Mstislav II | 1167-1169 | ||
Nikolai I | 1825-1855 | ||
Nikolai II | 1894-1917 | (Romanov) | |
Oleg | 879-912 | ||
Olga | 945-969 | ||
Pavel | 1796-1801 | ||
Pyotr I the Great | 1682-1725 | ||
Pyotr II | 1727-1730 | ||
Pyotr III | 1762 | ||
Rostislav | 1159-1167 | ||
Rurik | 862-879 | ||
Simeon | 1341-1353 | ||
Simeon Bekbulatovich | 1574-1576 | ||
Sviatopolk I | 1015-1019 | ||
Sviatopolk II | 1093-1113 | ||
Sviatoslav I | 945-972 | ||
Sviatoslav II | 1073-1076 | ||
Sviatoslav III | 1246-1249 | ||
Vasiliy | 1272-1277 | ||
Vasiliy I | 1389-1425 | ||
Vasiliy II | 1425-1462 | ||
Vasiliy III | 1505-1533 | ||
Vasiliy IV | 1606-1610 | ||
Vladimir II Monomakh | 1113-1125 | ||
Vladimir I the Great | 980-1015 | ||
Vsevolod I | 1078-1093 | ||
Vsevolod II | 1139-1146 | ||
Vsevolod III | 1176-1212 | ||
Yaropolk I | 972-980 | ||
Yaropolk II | 1132-1139 | ||
Yaroslav I the Wise | 1019-1054 | ||
Yaroslav II | 1238-1246 | ||
Yaroslav III | 1264-1271 | ||
Yekaterina I | 1725-1727 | ||
Yekaterina II the Great | 1762-1796 | ||
Yelizaveta | 1741-1762 | ||
Yuriy | 1303-1325 | ||
Yuriy I Dolgorukiy | 1154-1157 | ||
Yuriy II | 1212-1216; 1218-1238 |