Saitō 斎藤, さいとう JapaneseFrom Japanese
斎 (sai) meaning "purification, worship" and
藤 (tō) meaning "wisteria". The latter character could indicate a connection to the Fujiwara clan.
Sanada 真田, さなだ JapaneseFrom Japanese
真 (sana) meaning "real, genuine" and
田 (ta) meaning "field, rice paddy".
Sano 佐野, さの JapaneseFrom Japanese
佐 (sa) meaning "help, aid" and
野 (no) meaning "field, wilderness".
Sasaki 佐々木, ささき JapaneseFrom Japanese
佐 (sa) meaning "help, aid" (repeated, indicated by the iteration mark
々) and
木 (ki) meaning "tree, wood".
Satō 佐藤, さとう JapaneseFrom Japanese
佐 (sa) meaning "help, aid" and
藤 (tō) meaning "wisteria". The final character might indicate a connection to the Fujiwara clan. This is the most common surname in Japan.
Shinoda 篠田, しのだ JapaneseFrom Japanese
篠 (shino) meaning "dwarf bamboo" and
田 (ta) meaning "field, rice paddy".
Shirai 白井, しらい JapaneseFrom Japanese
白 (shira) meaning "white" and
井 (i) meaning "well, mine shaft, pit".
Sugita 杉田, すぎた JapaneseFrom Japanese
杉 (sugi) meaning "cedar" and
田 (ta) meaning "field, rice paddy".
Suzuki 鈴木, すずき JapaneseFrom Japanese
鈴 (suzu) meaning "bell" and
木 (ki) meaning "tree, wood". This is the second most common surname in Japan. A notable bearer was the artist Suzuki Harunobu (1725-1770).