HarlowEnglish Habitational name derived from a number of locations named Harlow, from Old English hær "rock, heap of stones" or here "army", combined with hlaw "hill".
HolmesEnglish, Scottish Variant of Holme. A famous fictional bearer was Sherlock Holmes, a detective in Arthur Conan Doyle's mystery stories beginning in 1887.
Kelly 1Irish Anglicized form of Irish Ó Ceallaigh meaning "descendant of Ceallach". Famous bearers include actor and dancer Gene Kelly (1912-1996) and actress and princess Grace Kelly (1929-1982).
KingEnglish From Old English cyning"king", originally a nickname for someone who either acted in a kingly manner or who worked for or was otherwise associated with a king. A famous bearer was the American civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. (1929-1968).
KoppelEstonian, Danish From Low German koppel meaning "paddock, pasture" (a word borrowed into Estonian).
NavarroSpanish Denoted a person who came from Navarre in northern Spain (Spanish Navarra). The name of the region is of Basque origin, possibly from nabar meaning "brown".
SalinasSpanish Occupational name for a salt worker or someone who lived bear a salt works, from Spanish salina"salt works, salt mine", ultimately from Latin sal "salt".
SawyerEnglish Occupational name meaning "sawer of wood, woodcutter" in Middle English, ultimately from Old English sagu meaning "saw". Mark Twain used it for the main character in his novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876).
Shaw 1English Originally given to a person who lived near a prominent thicket, from Old English sceaga meaning "thicket, copse".
SimpsonEnglish Means "son of Sim", Sim being a medieval short form of Simon 1. This is the name of a fictional American family on the animated television series The Simpsons, starting 1989.
SmithEnglish Means "metalworker, blacksmith" from Old English smiþ, related to smitan "to smite, to hit". It is the most common surname in most of the English-speaking world. A famous bearer was the Scottish economist Adam Smith (1723-1790).
ThorntonEnglish From any of the various places in England by this name, meaning "thorn town" in Old English.
TurnerEnglish Occupational name for one who worked with a lathe, derived from Old English turnian "to turn", of Latin origin. A famous bearer is the American musician Tina Turner (1939-2023), born Anna Mae Bullock.
VanceEnglish Indicated a dweller by a fen, from Old English fenn meaning "fen, marsh".
VargasSpanish, Portuguese Means "slope, flooded field, pastureland" or "hut", from the Spanish and Portuguese dialectal word varga.
WallaceScottish, English, Irish Means "foreigner, stranger, Celt" from Norman French waleis (of Germanic origin). It was often used to denote native Welsh and Bretons. A famous bearer was the 13th-century Scottish hero William Wallace.