Browse Surnames

This is a list of surnames in which the usage is English; and the source is Occupation.
usage
source
Abbey English
Indicated a person who lived near an abbey or worked in an abbey, from Middle English abbeye.
Abbott English
English cognate of Abate.
Ackerman English
Means "ploughman", derived from Middle English aker "field" and man.
Archer English
Occupational name for one who practiced archery, from Latin arcus "bow" (via Old French).
Arkwright English
Occupational name meaning "chest maker", from Middle English arc meaning "chest, coffer" and wyrhta meaning "maker, craftsman".
Backus English
Means "bakery", an occupational name for a baker, from Old English bæchus literally "bake house".
Bailey English
From Middle English baili meaning "bailiff", which comes via Old French from Latin baiulus "porter".
Baker English
Occupational name meaning "baker", derived from Middle English bakere.
Banner English
Occupational name for a flag carrier, derived from Old French baniere meaning "banner", ultimately of Germanic origin.
Bannister English
From Norman French banastre meaning "basket". This was originally a name for a maker of baskets.
Barber English, Scottish
Indicated a barber, one who cut hair for a living, ultimately from Latin barba "beard".
Barker English
From Middle English bark meaning "to tan". This was an occupational name for a leather tanner.
Baron English, French
From the title of nobility, derived from Latin baro (genitive baronis) meaning "man, freeman", possibly from Frankish barō meaning "servant, man, warrior". It was used as a nickname for someone who worked for a baron or acted like a baron.
Baxter English
Variant (in origin a feminine form) of Baker.
Bean English
English cognate of Bohn.
Beck 4 English
From Old English becca meaning "pickaxe", an occupational surname.
Bell 1 English
From Middle English belle meaning "bell". It originated as a nickname for a person who lived near the town bell, or who had a job as a bell-ringer.
Benbow English
From a nickname "bend the bow" given to an archer.
Best 1 English
Derived from Middle English beste meaning "beast", an occupational name for a keeper of animals or a nickname for someone who acted like a beast. A famous bearer of this surname was soccer legend George Best (1946-2005).
Bird English
Occupational name for a person who raised or hunted birds.
Bishop English
Means simply "bishop", ultimately from Greek ἐπίσκοπος (episkopos) meaning "overseer". It probably originally referred to a person who served a bishop.
Boatwright English
Occupational name meaning "maker of boats".
Bond English
Occupational name for a peasant farmer, from Middle English bonde. A famous bearer is the fictional spy James Bond, created by Ian Flemming in 1953.
Booker English
Occupational name meaning "book maker", derived from Old English boc "book".
Bowman English
Occupational name for an archer, derived from Middle English bowe, Old English boga meaning "bow".
Brasher English
Means "brass worker", derived from Old English bræs "brass".
Brewer English
Occupational name for a maker of ale or beer.
Brewster English
Variant of Brewer, originally a feminine form of the occupational term.
Bridges English
Originally denoted a person who lived near a bridge, or who worked as a bridgekeeper, derived from Middle English brigge, Old English brycg.
Burrell English
English form of Bureau.
Butcher English
Occupational name for a butcher, derived from Old French bouchier.
Butler English, Irish
Occupational name derived from Norman French butiller "wine steward", ultimately from Late Latin butticula "bottle". A famous bearer of this surname is the fictional character Rhett Butler, created by Margaret Mitchell for her novel Gone with the Wind (1936).
Byrd English
Variant of Bird.
Cannon English
From the ecclesiastical usage of canon, referring to a church official or servant who worked in a clergy house.
Carman 1 English
Occupational name for a carter, from Middle English carre "cart" (of Latin origin) and man "man".
Carpenter English
From the occupation, derived from Middle English carpentier (ultimately from Latin carpentarius meaning "carriage maker").
Carter English
Occupational name for a person who operated a cart to transport goods, from Norman French caretier. A famous bearer is the former American president Jimmy Carter (1924-).
Cartwright English
Occupational name indicating one who made carts.
Carver English
Occupational surname for a carver, from Middle English kerve "cut".
Case English
From Norman French casse meaning "box, case", ultimately from Latin capsa. This was an occupational name for a box maker.
Cash English
Variant of Case.
Causer English
Occupational name for one who made leggings, derived from Old French chausse "leggings".
Chamberlain English
Occupational name for one who looked after the inner rooms of a mansion, from Norman French chambrelain.
Chambers English
From Old French chambre meaning "chamber, room", an occupational name for a person who worked in the inner rooms of a mansion.
Chancellor English
Occupational name for an administrator, a chancellor, from Norman French chancelier.
Chandler English
Occupational name meaning "candle seller" or "candle maker" in Middle English, ultimately derived from Latin candela via Old French.
Chaplin English, French
Occupational name for a chaplain, or perhaps for the servant of one, from Middle English, Old French chapelain. A famous bearer was the British comic actor Charlie Chaplin (1889-1977).
Chapman English
Occupational name derived from Old English ceapmann meaning "merchant, trader".
Chase English
Occupational name for a hunter, from Middle English chase "hunt".
Clark English
Means "cleric" or "scribe", from Old English clerec meaning "priest", ultimately from Latin clericus. A famous bearer was William Clark (1770-1838), an explorer of the west of North America.
Clarke English
Variant of Clark.
Clarkson English
Patronymic form of Clark.
Clay English
Means simply "clay", originally referring to a person who lived near or worked with of clay.
Coke English
Variant of Cook.
Cokes English
Variant of Cook.
Colt English
Occupational name for a keeper of horses, derived from Middle English colt.
Colter English
Variant of Colt using an agent suffix.
Conner English
From Middle English connere meaning "inspector", an occupational name for an inspector of weights and measures.
Constable English
From Old French conestable, ultimately from Latin comes stabuli meaning "officer of the stable".
Cook English
Derived from Old English coc meaning "cook", ultimately from Latin coquus. It was an occupational name for a cook, a man who sold cooked meats, or a keeper of an eating house.
Cooke English
Variant of Cook.
Cookson English
Patronymic form of Cook.
Cooper English
Means "barrel maker", from Middle English couper.
Cornett English
Derived from Old French cornet meaning "horn", referring to one who worked as a horn blower.
Corwin English
Derived from Old French cordoan "leather", ultimately from the name of the Spanish city of Cordova.
Cotterill English
Derived from Middle English cotter meaning "cottager", referring to a small tenant farmer.
Coupe English
From Middle English coupe meaning "barrel", a name for a barrel maker or cooper.
Cropper English
Occupational name derived from Middle English croppe "crop", referring to a fruit picker or a crop reaper.
Dane 1 English
Variant of Dean 1 or Dean 2.
Deacon English
Means "deacon", ultimately from Greek διάκονος (diakonos) meaning "servant".
Dean 2 English
Occupational surname meaning "dean", referring to a person who either was a dean or worked for one. It is from Middle English deen (ultimately from Latin decanus meaning "chief of ten").
Dexter English
Occupational name meaning "dyer" in Old English (originally this was a feminine word, but it was later applied to men as well).
Dickman English
From Old English dic "ditch" combined with man "person, man". It was originally a name for a ditch digger or someone who lived near a ditch.
Doctor English
Originally denoted someone who was a doctor, ultimately from Latin doctor meaning "teacher".
Draper English
Occupational name for a maker or seller of woollen cloth, from Anglo-Norman French draper (Old French drapier, an agent derivative of drap "cloth").
Duke English
From the noble title, which was originally from Latin dux "leader". It was a nickname for a person who behaved like a duke, or who worked in a duke's household.
Dukes English
Patronymic form of Duke.
Dyer English
Occupational name meaning "cloth dyer", from Old English deah "dye".
Earl English
From the aristocratic title, which derives from Old English eorl meaning "nobleman, warrior". It was either a nickname for one who acted like an earl, or an occupational name for a person employed by an earl.
Earls English
Patronymic form of Earl.
Falkner English, German
English variant and German cognate of Faulkner.
Farmer English
Occupational name for a tax collector, from Middle English ferme "rent, revenue, provision", from medieval Latin firma, ultimately from Old English feorm. This word did not acquire its modern meaning until the 17th century.
Faulkner English, Scottish
Occupational name meaning "keeper of falcons", from Middle English and Scots faulcon, from Late Latin falco, of Germanic origin.
Fiddler English
English form of Fiedler.
Fishman English
Occupational name for a fisherman.
Fletcher English
Occupational name for a fletcher, someone who attached feathers to the shaft of an arrow. It is derived from Old French fleche meaning "arrow".
Flower English
From Middle English flour meaning "flower, blossom", derived from Old French flur, Latin flos. This was a nickname given to a sweet person. In other cases it could be a metonymic occupational name for a maker of flour (a word derived from the same source).
Forester English
Denoted a keeper or one in charge of a forest, or one who has charge of growing timber in a forest (see Forest).
Foster 2 English
Occupational name for a scissor maker, derived from Old French forcetier.
Foster 3 English
Occupational name for a maker of saddle trees, derived from Old French fustier.
Fowler English
Occupational name for a fowler or birdcatcher, ultimately derived from Old English fugol meaning "bird".
Franklin English
Derived from Middle English frankelin meaning "freeman". It denoted a landowner of free but not noble birth, from Old French franc meaning "free". Famous bearers include American statesman Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) and American singer Aretha Franklin (1942-2018).
Fuller English
Occupational name for a fuller, a person who thickened and cleaned coarse cloth by pounding it. It is derived via Middle English from Latin fullo.
Gage French, English
Occupational name derived either from Old French jauge "measure" (a name for an assayer) or gage "pledge, payment" (a name for a moneylender). Both words were ultimately of Frankish origin.
Gardener English
Occupational surname for one who was a gardener, from Old French jardin meaning "garden" (of Frankish origin).
Garner 1 English
From Old French gernier meaning "granary", a derivative of Latin granum meaning "grain". This name could refer to a person who worked at a granary or lived near one.
Garnett 1 English
Occupational name referring to a person who made hinges, from Old French carne "hinge".
Glass English, German
From Old English glæs or Old High German glas meaning "glass". This was an occupational name for a glass blower or glazier.
Glazier English
Means "glass worker, glazier", from Old English glæs meaning "glass".
Glover English
Occupational name for a person who made or sold gloves, from Middle English glovere.
Goffe English
Derived from Breton or Cornish goff meaning "smith", referring to a metalworker.
Gold English, German, Jewish
From Old English and Old High German gold meaning "gold", an occupational name for someone who worked with gold or a nickname for someone with yellow hair. As a Jewish name it is ornamental.
Granger English, French
Means "farm bailiff" from Old French grangier, ultimately from Latin granum meaning "grain". It is borne in the Harry Potter novels by Harry's friend Hermione Granger.
Graves English
Occupational name for a steward, derived from Middle English greyve, related to the German title Graf.
Grayson English
Means "son of the steward", derived from Middle English greyve "steward".
Harper English
Originally belonged to a person who played the harp or who made harps.
Hayward English
Occupational name for a person who protected an enclosed forest, from Old English hæg "enclosure, fence" and weard "guard".
Head English
From Middle English hed meaning "head", from Old English heafod. It may have referred to a person who had a peculiar head, who lived near the head of a river or valley, or who served as the village headman.
Hoggard English
Occupational name meaning "pig herder", from Old English hogg "hog" and hierde "herdsman, guardian".
Hood English
Metonymic occupational name for a maker of hoods or a nickname for someone who wore a distinctive hood, from Old English hod.
Hooper English
Occupational name for someone who put the metal hoops around wooden barrels.
Hopper English
Occupational name for an acrobat or a nickname for someone who was nervous or restless. A famous bearer was the American actor Dennis Hopper (1936-2010).
Horn English, German, Norwegian, Danish
From the Old English, Old High German and Old Norse word horn meaning "horn". This was an occupational name for one who carved objects out of horn or who played a horn, or a person who lived near a horn-shaped geographical feature, such as a mountain or a bend in a river.
Horne English
Variant of Horn.
Howard 2 English
Occupational name meaning "ewe herder", from Old English eowu "ewe" and hierde "herdsman, guardian".
Hunt English
Variant of Hunter.
Hunter English, Scottish
Occupational name that referred to someone who hunted for a living, from Old English hunta.
Jackman English
Means "servant of Jack".
Jagger English
From an English word meaning "carter, peddler". A famous bearer is the British musician Mick Jagger (1943-), the lead singer of the Rolling Stones.
Jakeman English
Means "servant of Jack".
Jardine English, Scottish
Means "garden", denoting someone who worked as a gardener.
Joiner English
Occupational name for a carpenter (that is, a person who joins wood together to make furniture).
Joyner English
Variant of Joiner.
Kay 2 English
Derived from Old French kay meaning "wharf, quay", indicating one who lived near or worked on a wharf.
Kellogg English
Occupational name for a pig butcher, from Middle English killen "to kill" and hog "pig, swine, hog".
Key 1 English
Variant of Kay 1 or Kay 2.
Keyes 1 English
Variant of Kay 1 or Kay 2.
Keys 1 English
Variant of Kay 1 or Kay 2.
King English
From Old English cyning "king", originally a nickname for someone who either acted in a kingly manner or who worked for or was otherwise associated with a king. A famous bearer was the American civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. (1929-1968).
Kitchen English
Occupational name for a person who worked in a kitchen (of a monastery for example), derived from Old English cycene, ultimately from Latin coquina.
Knight English
From Old English cniht meaning "knight", a tenant serving as a mounted soldier.
Leach English
Originally indicated a person who was a physician, from the medieval practice of using leeches to bleed people of ills.
Marchand English, French
Occupational name meaning "merchant", ultimately from Latin mercari "to trade".
Marshall English
Derived from Middle English mareschal "marshal", from Latin mariscalcus, ultimately from Germanic roots akin to Old High German marah "horse" and scalc "servant". It originally referred to someone who took care of horses.
Martel 2 French, English
Nickname for a smith, derived from Old French martel "hammer", ultimately from Late Latin martellus.
Mason English
Occupational name for a stoneworker or layer of bricks, from Old French masson, of Frankish origin (akin to Old English macian "to make").
Masterson English
Patronymic derived from Middle English maister meaning "master", via Old French from Latin magister.
Mathers English
Occupational name meaning "mower, cutter of hay" in Old English.
Mayer 3 English
Occupational name for a mayor, from Middle English mair, derived via Old French from Latin maior.
Mayer 4 English
Variant of Myer.
Mercer English
Occupational name for a trader in textiles, from Old French mercier, derived from Latin merx meaning "merchandise".
Meyer 4 English
Variant of Myer.
Meyers German, English
Patronymic form of Meyer 1, Mayer 3 or Myer.
Miller English
Occupational surname meaning "miller", referring to a person who owned or worked in a grain mill, derived from Middle English mille "mill".
Millhouse English
Name for someone whose house was in a mill or who worked in a mill.
Mills English
Originally given to one who lived near a mill or who worked in a mill, from Middle English mille.
Millward English
Means "guardian of the mill" in Old English.
Monk English
Nickname or occupational name for a person who worked for monks. This word is derived from Latin monachus, from Greek μοναχός (monachos) meaning "alone".
Mutton English
Referred to a shepherd or else someone who in some way resembled a sheep, derived from Norman French mouton "sheep".
Myer English
From Old French mire meaning "doctor", derived from Latin medicus.
Myers English
Patronymic form of Myer or Mayer 3.
Norris 2 English
Means "wet nurse, foster mother" from Old French norrice, from Latin nutricius.
Page English, French
Occupational name meaning "servant, page". It is ultimately derived (via Old French and Italian) from Greek παιδίον (paidion) meaning "little boy".
Paget English, French
Diminutive of Page.
Paige English
Variant of Page.
Palmer English
Means "pilgrim", ultimately from Latin palma "palm tree", since pilgrims to the Holy Land often brought back palm fronds as proof of their journey.
Park 2 English
From Middle English park, from Latin parricus, of Frankish origin. This was a name for someone who worked in or lived in a park.
Parker English
Means "keeper of the park" in Middle English. It is an occupational name for a person who was a gamekeeper at a medieval park.
Parsons English
Originally denoted a son of a parson, a derivative of Latin persona "person".
Paternoster English, Italian
Occupational name for a maker of rosaries, also called paternosters. They are derived from the Latin phrase pater noster "our Father", the opening words of the Lord's Prayer.
Peck 2 English
Occupational name for a maker of pecks (vessels used as peck measures), derived from Middle English pekke.
Pender 1 English
From Middle English pind "to pen up". This was an occupational name for someone who penned animals.
Penn 2 English
Occupational name for a person who kept penned animals, from Old English penn.
Penner English
Variant of Penn 2.
Piper English
Originally given to a person who played on a pipe (a flute).
Plank German, English
Means "plank", from Old French, itself from Late Latin planca. This could have referred to a person who lived by a plank bridge over a stream, someone who was thin, or a carpenter.
Porcher English, French
Means "swineherd" from Old French and Middle English porchier, from Latin porcus "pig".
Porter English
Occupational name meaning "doorkeeper", ultimately from Old French porte "door", from Latin porta.
Potter English
Occupational name for a potter, one who makes earthen vessels. This surname was used by J. K. Rowling for the hero in her Harry Potter series of books, first released in 1997.
Pottinger English
Occupational name, either for an apothecary, from Old French potecaire, or a seller of stew, from Old French potagier.
Pound English
Occupational name for a person who kept animals, from Old English pund "animal enclosure".
Pryor English
Originally belonged to one who was a prior (a religious official), or one who worked for a prior.
Purcell English
From Old French pourcel "piglet", from Latin porcellus, a derivative of porcus "pig". This was a nickname or an occupational name for a swineherd.
Reeve English
Occupational name derived from Middle English reeve, Old English (ge)refa meaning "sheriff, prefect, local official".
Reeves English
Variant of Reeve.
Revie English
Variant of Reeve.
Rider English
Variant of Ryder.
Rimmer English
Occupational name meaning "poet", from Middle English rime meaning "rhyme".
Ryder English
Occupational name for a mounted warrior, from Old English ridere meaning "rider".
Rye English
Topographic name. It could be a misdivision of the Middle English phrases atter ye meaning "at the island" or atter eye meaning "at the river". In some cases it merely indicated a person who lived where rye was grown or worked with rye (from Old English ryge).
Sadler English
Occupational name for a maker of saddles, from Old English sadol "saddle".
Sangster English, Scottish
Occupational name or nickname for a singer, from Old English singan "to sing, to chant".
Sawyer English
Occupational name meaning "sawer of wood, woodcutter" in Middle English, ultimately from Old English sagu meaning "saw". Mark Twain used it for the main character in his novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876).
Saylor English
Occupational name meaning "acrobat, dancer", derived from Old French sailleor, from Latin sallitor.
Scarlett English
Denoted a person who sold or made clothes made of scarlet, a kind of cloth, possibly derived from Persian سقرلاط (saqrelāṭ).
Scriven English
Occupational name meaning "writer, clerk, scribe" in Old French, derived from Latin scriba.
Sergeant English, French
Occupational name derived from Old French sergent meaning "servant", ultimately from Latin servire "to serve".
Seward 2 English
Means "swineherd" from Old English su "sow, female pig" and hierde "herdsman, guardian".
Sexton English
Occupational name for a sexton (Middle English sexteyn), a caretaker for a church or graveyard.
Shearer English
English cognate of Scherer.
Shepherd English
Occupational name meaning "shepherd, sheep herder", from Old English sceaphyrde.
Sherman 1 English
Means "shear man", referring to someone who used shears in his line of work, such as a sheep-shearer.
Skinner English
Occupational name for a person who skinned animals, from Old Norse skinn.
Slater English
Occupational name indicating that an early member worked covering roofs with slate, from Old French esclat "shard", of Germanic origin.
Smith English
Means "metalworker, blacksmith" from Old English smiþ, related to smitan "to smite, to hit". It is the most common surname in most of the English-speaking world. A famous bearer was the Scottish economist Adam Smith (1723-1790).
Smythe English
Variant of Smith.
Snider English
Variant of Snyder.
Snyder English
Means "tailor", derived from Middle English snithen "to cut", an occupational name for a person who stitched coats and clothing.
Spear English
From Old English spere "spear", an occupational name for a hunter or a maker of spears, or a nickname for a thin person.
Spearing English
Patronymic form of Spear.
Spears English
Patronymic form of Spear.
Spencer English
Occupational name for a person who dispensed provisions to those who worked at a manor, derived from Middle English spense "larder, pantry".
Spooner English
Occupational name for a maker of spoons or a maker of shingles, derived from Middle English spone meaning "chip of wood, spoon".
Steed English
Occupational name for one who tended horses, derived from Middle English steed, in turn derived from Old English steda meaning "stallion".
Steele English
Occupational name for a steelworker, from Old English stele meaning "steel".
Stoddard English
Occupational name for a horse keeper, from Old English stod "stallion, stud" and hierde "herder".
Stone English
Name for a person who lived near a prominent stone or worked with stone, derived from Old English stan.
Stringer English
Occupational name for a maker of string or bow strings, from Old English streng "string".
Sumner English
Occupational name for a summoner, an official who was responsible for ensuring the appearance of witnesses in court, from Middle English sumner, ultimately from Latin submonere "to advise".
Swanson English
Patronymic form of Middle English swein meaning "servant" (of Old Norse origin). This word was also used as a byname, and this surname could be a patronymic form of that.
Tailor English
Variant of Taylor.
Tanner English
Occupational name for a person who tanned animal hides, from Old English tannian "to tan", itself from Late Latin and possibly ultimately of Celtic origin.
Tasker English
From Middle English taske meaning "task, assignment". A tasker was a person who had a fixed job to do, particularly a person who threshed grain with a flail.
Taylor English
Derived from Old French tailleur meaning "tailor", ultimately from Latin taliare "to cut".
Thacker English
Northern Middle English variant of Thatcher.
Thatcher English
Referred to a person who thatched roofs by attaching straw to them, derived from Old English þæc meaning "thatch, roof". A famous bearer was the British prime minister Margaret Thatcher (1925-2013).
Tinker English
Occupational name for a mender of kettles, pots and pans. The name could derive from the tinking sound made by light hammering on metal. It is possible that the word comes from the word tin, the material with which the tinker worked.
Tollemache English
Means "knapsack" in Old French.
Toller English
Occupational name meaning "tax gatherer", derived from Old English toln "toll, fee, tax".
Towner English
Variant of Toller.
Tripp English
From Middle English trippen meaning "to dance", an occupational name for a dancer.
Tucker English
Occupational name for a fuller of cloth, derived from Old English tucian meaning "offend, torment". A fuller was a person who cleaned and thickened raw cloth by pounding it.
Tupper English
Occupational name for a herdsman, derived from Middle English toupe "ram".
Turner English
Occupational name for one who worked with a lathe, derived from Old English turnian "to turn", of Latin origin. A famous bearer is the American musician Tina Turner (1939-2023), born Anna Mae Bullock.
Tyler English
Occupational name for a tiler of roofs, derived from Old English tigele "tile". A famous bearer of this name was American president John Tyler (1790-1862).
Walker English
Occupational name for a person who walked on damp raw cloth in order to thicken it. It is derived from Middle English walkere, Old English wealcan meaning "to move".
Waller 2 English
Derived from Old English weall meaning "wall", denoting a builder of walls or someone who lived near a prominent wall.
Ward 1 English
Derived from Old English weard meaning "guard, guardian".
Wardrobe English
From Old French warder "to guard" and robe "garment", an occupational name for a servant responsible for the clothing in a household.
Waterman 1 English
Means "servant of Walter".
Waterman 2 English, Dutch
Occupational name for a boatman or a water carrier. It could also describe a person who lived by water.
Wayne English
Occupational name meaning "wagon maker, cartwright", derived from Old English wægn "wagon". A famous bearer was the American actor John Wayne (1907-1979).
Weaver 1 English
Occupational name for a weaver, derived from Old English wefan "to weave".
Webb English
Occupational name meaning "weaver", from Old English webba, a derivative of wefan "to weave".
Webster English
Occupational name meaning "weaver", from Old English webba, a derivative of wefan "to weave".
Wheeler English
Occupational name for a maker of wagon wheels, derived from Middle English whele "wheel".
Woodward English
Occupational name for a forester, meaning "ward of the wood" in Old English.
Wright 1 English
From Old English wyrhta meaning "wright, maker", an occupational name for someone who was a craftsman. Famous bearers were Orville and Wilbur Wright, the inventors of the first successful airplane.
Yates English
From Old English geat meaning "gate", a name for a gatekeeper or someone who lived near a gate.