Celtic Submitted Surnames

These names are used by Celtic peoples.
usage
Submitted names are contributed by users of this website. The accuracy of these name definitions cannot be guaranteed.
Morey Irish, English
Anglicized form of Irish Gaelic Ó Mórdha, and in English (of Norman origin), derived from the Old French given name Mory, a short form of Amaury (see Emery).
Morgans English, Irish
Variation of Morgan.
Morrissey Irish
Morrissey is an Irish name meaning "choice of the sea".
Morrow Irish (Anglicized), Scottish
Shortened Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Murchadha (see McMorrow).
Moxley English, Irish, Welsh, Scottish
From the name of a minor place in the West Midlands.
Moyle Cornish, Welsh
Cornish and Welsh: descriptive nickname meaning ‘bald’, from Cornish moyl, Welsh moel.
Mulaney Irish
Variant of Moloney.
Mulberry Irish
Anglicized form of Ó Maoilbhearaigh.
Muldoon Irish
From Irish Gaelic Ó Maoldúin "descendant of Maoldún", a personal name meaning literally "chief fortress".
Mulfall Irish
Anglicized form Gaelic Ó Maol Fábhail meaning "descendent of Maolfábhail".
Mulholland Irish
Anglicized form of Irish Ó Maolchallann meaning "descendant of Maolchallann".
Mulkerin Irish
The Irish surname Mulkerin is an anglicied rendering of the Gaelic surname O'Maoilchiarain which means ,literally, "descendant of a follower of Saint Ciaran", the Irish saint who founded the great monastery at Clonmacnois... [more]
Mullarkey Irish
From Irish Gaelic Ó Maoilearca "descendent of the follower of (St) Earc", a personal name meaning literally either "speckled one" or "salmon".
Mullee Irish
Possible variant of Malley or Molloy
Mullery Irish (Rare)
From Irish Gaelic Ó Maolmhuire "descendant of Maolmhuire", a personal name meaning literally "servant of (the Virgin) Mary".
Mullin Irish
From O'maelin
Mulvaney Irish
From Ó Maoilmheana meaning "descendant of Maoilmhaena."
Mulvey Irish
Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Maoilmhiadhaigh "descendant of Maoilmhiadhach", a personal name meaning "honorable chief".
Mulvihill Irish
Anglicized from Gaelic Ó Maoil Mhichíl meaning "descendant of Maoilmhichil", Maoilmhichil being a personal name meaning "devotee of (Saint) Michael", referring to the archangel.
Murland Irish
Murland is an Irish surname, which according to MacLysaght's The Surnames of Ireland is MacMurghalain in Gaelic, ultimately deriving from words meaning "sea" and "valor".
Murphey Irish
Variant of Murphy
Murrah Scottish Gaelic
This Irish surname of MURRAH is the Anglicized form of the Gaelic Mac MURCHADHA, from the personal name MURCHADHA, composed of the elements MUIR (sea) + CADH (warrior).
Murrey English, Scottish, Irish
English, Scottish, and Irish variant of Murray 1 or Murray 2.
Murrow Irish, Scottish
Variant of Morrow. A famous bearer of the surname was Edward R. Murrow (1908-1965), US radio and television journalist.
Murtagh Irish
Anglicized form of Muirchertach or Muiredach.
Murtha Irish
Variant of Murtagh.
Nally Irish
Variant of MacNally
Nancarrow Cornish
Means "person from Nancarrow", Cornwall (either "valley frequented by deer" or "rough valley"). It was borne by US composer Conlon Nancarrow (1912-1997).
Nance Cornish
Medieval Cornish surname. Derived from the Celtic word 'nans', meaning valley. Often linked with the Breton surname 'de Nant', which also means valley.
Nankervis Cornish, English (Australian)
From the name of a place in St Enoder parish in Cornwall, derived from Cornish nans "valley" and an uncertain second element, possibly *cerwys, an unattested plural of carow "stag".... [more]
Naramor English, Welsh
Naramor, also Narramore or Naramore, is a corruption of Northmore, and has Welsh/English background. "More North"
Naughten Irish
Reduced form of McNaughton.
Naughton Irish
Reduced form of McNaughton.
Neale English, Scottish, Irish
English, Scottish, and Irish variant of Neal.
Neary Irish
Anglicized form of Gaelic O Naradhaigh "descendant of Naradhach" a byname meaning "modest".
Nee Irish, Scottish
reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Niadh ("descendant of Nia") or Ó Niadh ("son of Nia"). Compare McNee.
Neeley Irish
Reduced form of Mcneely.
Neeson Irish (Anglicized)
Reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Naois "son of Naois", usually Anglicized as Mcneese. Surname made famous by the actor Liam Neeson.
Neill Irish, Scottish
Reduced form of Irish Gaelic Ó Néill or Scottish Gaelic Mac Néill ‘descendant (or son) of Niall’, a personal name of Irish origin, thought to mean ‘champion’. The personal name was adopted by Norsemen in the form Njáll and was brought to England both directly from Ireland by Scandinavian settlers and indirectly (via France) by the Normans... [more]
Nesbitt Scottish, Irish, English
Derives from the hamlets of East Nisbet and West Nisbet, Berwickshire. Some bearers of Nisbet/Nesbitt (and variant) names may originate from the village of Nisbet in Roxburghshire.
Nestor Irish
Derived from the surname Mac Girr an Adhastair (sometimes shortened to Mac an Aghastair), meaning "Short man of the halter." The Mac Girr an Adhastair were associated with the local lords, the Ó Lochlainn family.
Nett Irish
Variant of McNett.
Netterville Irish
Of Anglo-Norman origin, probably a habitational name from an unidentified place in France.
Nevins Irish
Variant of Nevin 2.
Newlin English, Irish
An Irish surname meaning "By the the spring"
Ní Bhriain f Irish
Feminine form of Ó Briain.
Nock Celtic, English
Dweller at the oak tree; originally spelt as "Noake" evolved into "Nock".
Nocton Irish (Americanized)
Americanized form of the patronymic form of Naughton, further related to Ó Neachtain, meaning "(descendant) of Nechtan" and coming from the Uí Néill clan of Ireland... [more]
Noland Irish, French
Irish: variant of Nolan.... [more]
Noonan Irish
Anglicized form of Irish Ó Nuanáin (from Irish Gaelic Ó hIonmhaineáin) meaning "descendant of Ionmhaineán", a diminutive of the given name Ionmhain "beloved, dear". ... [more]
Noone Irish
Anglicized form of Irish Ó Nuadháin "descendant of Nuadhán" (see Nuadha).
Nugent English, Irish, French
An English, Irish (of Norman origin) and French habitational surname derived from any of several places in northern France (such as Nogent-sur-Oise), From Latin novientum and apparently an altered form of a Gaulish name meaning "new settlement".
Oakes English, Irish
English: Topographic name, a plural variant of Oak.... [more]
O'Bannon Irish
Anglicized form of Irish Gaelic Ó Banáin meaning "descendant of Banán", a given name representing a diminutive of ban meaning "white".
Obar Neithich Scottish Gaelic
Proper, non-Anglicized form of Abernathy.
Ó Beargha Irish
Irish Gaelic form of Barry.
Ó Bolguidir Irish
The name Ó Bolguidir has changed considerably in the time that has passed since its genesis. It originally appeared in Gaelic as Ó Bolguidir, which likely meant "yellow-belly" (from bolg odhar).
Ó Branagáin Irish
Means "descendant of Branagán".
Ó Breisleáin Irish, Scottish
Means "descendant of Breisleáin" in Irish. The given name Breisleáin is of unknown meaning.
Ó Bric Irish
Means "descendant of Breac"
Ó Bróithe Irish
Uncorrupted form of Brophy.
Ó Bruic Irish
Means "descendant of Broc"
Ó Buadáin Irish
Means "descendant of Buadán".
Ó Caingnigh Irish
Means "descendant of Caingneach"
Ó Cairealláin Irish
Means "descendant of Caireallán"
Ó Canann Irish
Means "descendant of CANÁN". Canán is a given name derived from the word cano "wolf cub".
O'Carroll Irish (Anglicized)
Originates from the ancient Gaelic name Mac Cearbhaill or O'Cearbhaill, deriving from the word "Cearbh" which means to "Hack". Making it a possible name for a warrior or blacksmith.
Ó Cathail Irish
Means "descendant of Cathal".
Ó Catharnaigh Scottish Gaelic
Scottish Gaelic Meaning ‘descendant of Catharnach’, a byname meaning ‘warlike’.
Ó Ceanndubháin Irish
Means "descendant of Ceanndubhán"
Ó Cearbhalláin Irish
It means "descendant of Cearbhallán".
Ó Cearnacháin Irish
It means "descendant of Cearnachán".
Ó Cearnaigh Irish
Means "descendant of Cearnach" in Irish Gaelic. Compare Kearney, Ó Ceithearnaigh.
Ó Céirín Irish
Meaning ‘descendant of Céirín’, a personal name from a diminutive of ciar ‘dark’, ‘black’. English patronymic -s has been added superfluously.
Ó Ciaragáin Irish
It means "descendant of Ciaragán".
Ó Ciaráin Irish
A byname from a diminutive of ciar ‘dark’, ‘black-haired.'
Ó Ciardhubháin Irish
Irish Gaelic form of Kirwan.
Ó Cillín Irish
Meaning "descendant of Cillín"
Ó Cionnfhaolaidh Irish
Means "descendant of Cionnfhaoladh".
O'Cleary Irish
Variety of O'Clery
Ó Cluanaigh Irish
Means "descendant of Cluanach"
Ó Cnáimhsighe Irish
Means "descendant of Cnáimhseach"
O'Coill Irish
Meaning, "wood, forest, or shrub hazel tree."
O Coingheallach Irish
Meaning, "descendent of Coingheallach."
Ó Coingheallaigh Irish
Meaning, ‘son (or descendant) of Coingheallach.’
O'colgan Irish
Original form of Mccolgan, meaning "son of Colga.
Ó Comhaltáin Irish
It means "descendant of Comhaltán".
Ó Connachaín Irish
Means "Descendant of Connachaín."
Ó Coscraigh Irish
Means "descendant of Coscrach"
Ó Cróinín Irish
It literally means "little saffron-colored one’s descendant".
Ó Cruimín Irish
It means the "descendant of Cruimín," which is derived from the word crom, meaning "bent," or "crooked."
Ó Cuill Irish
Meaning, "wood, forest, or shrub hazel tree."
Ó Daighre Irish
Means "descendant of Daighre"
Odaniel Irish
Maybe means "Son of Daniel" or "Descendant of Daniel"
O'day Irish
Irish: Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Deaghaidh (see O’Dea).
O'Dea Irish
Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Deaghaidh, ‘descendant of Deaghadh’, a personal name of uncertain origin... [more]
Ó Déadaigh Irish
Irish Gaelic form of Deady.
Ó Deaghaidh Irish
Meaning, "descendent of Deaghaidh."
O'doherty Irish
Anglicized form of Ó Dochartaigh.
Ó Donnagáin Irish
Means "descendant of Donnagán"
Ó Donndubhartaigh Irish (Archaic)
Means "descendant of Donndubhartach", a personal name composed of donn "brown" and dub "black" combined with artach "nobleman".
O'donoghue Irish
Anglicised form of Ó Donnchadha (see Donoghue)
O'donovan Irish
Anglicized form of Ó Donndubháin
Ó Dornáin Irish
The surname was possibly derived from the word dorn, which means "fist."
O'Dowd Irish
The original Gaelic form was Dubhda. The first portion of the name comes from the word dubh, which means "black" or "dark-complexioned."
Ó Draighneáin Irish, Scottish Gaelic
Original Gaelic form of Drennan.
O'driscoll Irish
A variation of Driscoll, from Irish Ó hEidirsceóil, meaning "descendant of the messenger".
Ó Dubhdara Irish
It means "descendant of Dubhdara.
O'duffy Irish
The name O'Duffy originates from the gaelic surname "O Dubhthaigh". Dubh meaning "Black" in Gaeilge. They claim descent from the ancient Heremon kings of Ireland. They descend from "Cahir Mor", the King of Leinster in the second century... [more]
Ó Duibheannaigh Irish
Means "descendant of Duibheannach"
Ó Duibhidhir Irish
Means "descendant of Duibhuidhir". Duibhuidhir is a personal name composed of the elements dubh "dark, black" and odhar "sallow, tawny".
Ó Duibhne Irish
Means "descendent of Duibhne", a given name possibly meaning "ill-tempered, surly".
Ó Duinnín Irish
Means "descendant of Duinnín"
Ó Faircheallaigh Irish
It means "descendant of Faircheallaigh", a personal name meaning super war or Ó Fearghail, "descendant of Fearghail", meaning man of valour.
O'farrell Irish
From Irish Ó Fearghail meaning "descendant of Fearghal. This name is borne by several families in Ireland, in counties Longford, Tyrone, and Wicklow.
Ó Fathaidh Irish
Means "descendant of Fathadh"
O'fee Irish
Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Fiaich "descendant of Fiach".
Ó Fiaich Irish
Means "descendant of Fiach"
Ó Flaithearta Irish
Proper, non-Anglicized form of Flaherty.
Ó Flaithimh Irish
Means "descendant of Flaitheamh"
O'flynn Irish
Means "descendant of Flynn.
Ó Fógartaigh Irish
Means "descendant of Fógartach"
O'Galvin Irish
Anglicized form of Ó Gealbháin, which means "descendant of the bright, fair one", derived from the Gaelic elements geal "bright" and ban "fair, white". A known bearer of the original form of the surname is Ciarán Ó Gealbháin, former signer of the Irish traditional music band Danú.
Ó Gaoithín Irish
It literally means "Gaoithín’s descendant".
Ó Gealbháin Irish
Original Irish form of O'Galvin.
Ó Gibealláin Irish
An Irish-Gaelic surname derived from a given name meaning "descendant of Gibealláin".
Ó Gibne Irish
'Descendant of Gibne', a byname meaning "hound". This sept came from Counties Meath and Cavan. This was a very ancient sept but unfortunately, there are few references surviving.
O'Gilleen Irish
Anglicized form of Irish-Gaelic Ó Cillín
Ó Giolláin Irish
It means 'descendant of Giollán'.
Ó Gormghaile Irish
Means "descendant of Gormghal"
Ó Gradaigh Irish
Gaelic form of O'grady.
O'grady Irish
Anglicized form of Ó Gradaigh, meaning "descendant of Gradaigh." Gradaigh is a personal name derived from the Irish Gaelic word grada, "the illustrious one."
Ó Gríobhtha Irish
Irish Gaelic form of Griffin.
Ó hÁdhmaill Irish
It means "descendant of Ádhmall".
Ó hÁilgheanáin Irish
Means "descendant of Áilgheanán"
Ó hÁilleacháin Irish
It means "descendant of Áilleachán".
Ó Hailpín Irish
Irish-Gaelic or Scottish-Gaelic form of Halpin, meaning "descendant of Alpin".
Ó hAinbhith Irish
It means "descendant of Ainbhioth".
Ó hAinbhthín Irish
Means "descendant of Ainbhthín"
Ó hAngluinn Irish
A patronymic surname meaning "son of Anglninn." This name is, in turn, thought to be derived from Irish Gaelic word anglonn, which means "hero" or "champion."
O'hanlon Irish
Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó hAnluain (see Hanlon).
Ó hAnluain Irish
Means "descendant of Anluan"
Ó Hannáin Irish
Hundreds of years ago, the Gaelic name used by the Hannant family in Ireland was Ó hAnnáin, which means "descendant of hAnnáin".... [more]
Ó hAnrachtaigh Irish
It means "descendant of Anrachtach".
Ó hAodhagáin Irish
Means "descendant of Aodhagán"
O'harra Irish
A variant of O'Hara.
Ó Hartghaile Irish
It literally means "Artghal’s descendant".
Ó hÉalaighthe Irish
It means "descendant of Éaladhach".
Ó hÉamhthaigh Irish
Irish Gaelic form of Heaphy.
Óhearcáin Irish
The surname ÓhEarcáin (Harkins) is derived from the Irish nickname of Erc or Earc meaning freckled. The diminutive of Erc or Earc is Ercáin or Earcáin. When the Irish alphabet added the aspirate “h” the name became hErcáin or hEarcáin with the hereditary surname prefixes Uí hErcáin, UahErcáin, ÓhEarcáin and (female)Ní Earcáin that was anglicized as Harkin, Harkan, or Harkins... [more]
Ó Hearghaill Irish
Variation of Gaelic Ó Fearghail ‘descendant of Fearghal’, a personal name composed of the elements fear ‘man’ + gal ‘valor’.
Ó hÉilidhe Irish
Means "descendant of the claimant". From éilidhe "claimant"
Ó hEinirí Irish
Means "son of Einrí"
Ó hEodhusa Irish
Means "descendant of Eodhus"
Ó Heoin Irish
Irish surname meaning “descendant of John”.
Ó hOistín Irish
Means "descendant of Oistín"
O'Honeen Irish
Anglicized form of Irish Gaelic Ó hUaithnín.
Ó hUallacháin Irish
It means "descendant of Uallachán".
O'hurley Irish
The name Hurley itslef come from the stick used in the game of Hurling, first played in Ireland. The name might have origanated due to a player of the game being dubbed hurley... [more]
O'kain Irish
Variant of O'Kane.
O'Keeffe Irish
Variant of O'Keefe. A notable bearer was the American painter Georgia O'Keeffe (1887-1986).
O'keenan Irish, Scottish
Anglicized form of Ó Cianáin
O'Kelly Irish
Variant of Kelly 1.
O'Kett Irish
Anglicized form of Irish Gaelic Haicéid.
O'Kevin Irish
Anglicized form of Irish Gaelic Ó Caoimhín "descent of Caoimhín."
Ó Labhradha Irish
Means "descendant of Labhraidh"
Ó Lachtnáin Irish
It literally means "Lachtnán’s descendant".
Ó Laighin Irish
Means "of Leinster" or "descendant of the one from Leinster", denoting someone who came from the Irish province Leinster (Laighin in Irish)... [more]
O'Laughlin Irish (Anglicized)
Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Lochlainn meaning, 'descendant of Lochlann.'
O'Lennon Irish
Original form of Lennon. Probably a variant of Ó Leannáin (from a by-name meaning "lover"), but may also be derived from O'Lonain (from lon, "blackbird").
Ó Lionáin Irish
It literally means "Lonán’s descendant".
Ó Lochlainn Irish
Irish Gaelic form of O'Laughlin.
Ó Loingseacháin Irish
It means 'descendant of Loingseacháin'. Ó Loingsigh, however, is a diminutive form of this surname.
O'Lonain Irish
Derived from lon ("blackbird") and a diminutive combined with O ("grandson; male descendant").
O'Loney Irish
Anglicization of Ó Luanaigh.
O'Looney Irish
Anglicization of Ó Luanaigh.
Ó Luanaigh Irish
Means "descendant of Luanach"
O'Lunney Irish
Anglicization of Ó Luanaigh.
Ó Macáin Irish
Means "descendant of Maicín".
Ó Macdha Irish
Means "descendant of Macdha"
O'Maher Irish (Rare)
This name comes from the Irish surname 'Meachair' which means hospitality. ... [more]
Ó Maicín Irish
Means "descendant of Maicín".
Ó Maoilbhearaigh Irish
Means "descendant of Maolbhearaigh" in Irish.
Ó Maoileanaigh Irish
It means "descendant of Maoileanach".
Ó Maoilearca Irish
It means "descendant of devotee of Earca".
Ó Maoiléidigh Irish
Means "descendant of Maoléidigh" in Irish. This surname was stressed on the penultimate (second-to-last) syllable, and may have been shortened in some cases to give Leddy.
Ó Maoil Sheanaigh Irish
It means "descendant of devotee of Saint Seanach".
Ó Maolacháin Irish
It means "descendant of Maolachán".
Ó Maolfábhail Irish
Means "descendant of Maolfábhail"
Ó Maolmhóna Irish
Means "descendant of Maolmhóna"
O'mara Irish
Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Meadhra "descendant of Meadhair" a personal name derived from meadhair "mirth".
Ó Marcacháin Irish
Means "descendant of Marcachán"
O'Marr Irish (Anglicized, Rare)
This surname originated from the name 'Maher'. The O' means 'grandson of'. ... [more]
O'Meara Irish
Variant of O'mara.
Ó Miadhaigh Irish
Meaning ‘descendant of Miadhach’, a byname meaning ‘honorable’.
O'milligan Irish
Form of Milligan.
Ó Mothlacháin Irish
It means "descendant of Mothlachán".
Ó Muimhneacháin Irish
It literally mean’s "Munsterman’s descendant".
O'mullawill Irish
Anglicized form Gaelic Ó Maol Fábhail meaning "descendent of Maolfábhail".
O'Mulvenna Irish
Anglicized form of Irish Gaelic Ó Maoilmheana, meaning "descendant of Maoilmheana" a personal name meaning "chieftain of the main river."
O Naradhaigh Irish
Irish Gaelic form of Neary.
O'Neil Irish
Variant of O'Neal.
Ó Peatáin Irish
Means "descendant of Peatán"
Opie English, Cornish
From the medieval personal name Oppy or Obby, a diminutive of such names as Osbert, Osborn, and Osbald... [more]
O'prey Irish
From the Irish Gaelic Á Preith or Ó Preith meaning "of the cattle spoil".
O'Quinn Irish
Anglicized form of O'Coinn.
Ó Ríoghbhárdáin Irish
Proper, un-Anglicized form of O'Riordan.
O'Riordan Irish
From Irish Ó Ríoghbhárdáin meaning "descendant of Ríoghbhardán" (see Rórdán).
O'Rourke Irish
Means "descendant of Ruairc", a pre-9th-century Norse personal name. A famous bearer was child actress Heather O'Rourke (1975-1988).
Ó Ruadhagáin Irish
Meaning, 'son of Ruadhagáin."
Ó Ruairc Irish
Meaning, ‘descendant of Ruarc.’
O'Ryan Irish
Anglicized form of Ó Riain.
Ó Scannail Irish
Ó Scannail is both the name of a sept in Ireland and a surname. It is derived from the Gaelic term scannal, meaning "contention" or "strife."
Ó Seanachain Irish
Means "grandson of Seanachan". Alternatively, may be derived from Gaelic seanachaidh, meaning "skilled storyteller".
O'Sheeran Irish (Rare)
Anglicized form of either Ó Sírín or Ó Síoráin meaning "descendant of Sírín" and "descendant of Síoráin" respectively. Sírín and Síoráin are variants of the same name, both are derived from a diminutive of síor meaning "long-lasting".
Ó Siadhail Irish
Derived from the given name Siadhal.
Ó Síochána Irish
Proper, non-Anglicized form of Sheehan.
Ó Síodhacháin Irish
Means "descendant of Síodhachán".
Ó Síoráin Irish
Means "descendant of Síoráin"
Ó Sírín Irish
Means "descendant of Sírín"
Ó Spealáin Irish
Means "descendant of Spealán"
O'Sugrue Irish
Anglicized form of Irish Gaelic Ó Siocfhradha, derived from Norse first name Sigefrith... [more]
O'Tolan Irish
The meaning of the name is unclear, but it seems to derive from the pre 13th century Gaelic O'Tuathalain suggesting that it was probably religious and may translate as "The male descendant of the follower of the lord".
O’toole Irish
O'Toole, along with Toole, comes from the Irish O Tuathail. This derives from the personal name Tuathal, meaning "ruler of the people", used by many Irish kings and heroes and accordingly incorporated into a surname in a number of distinct areas, among them south Ulster, Mayo and Kildare.
Ó Toráin Irish
Meaning, ‘descendant of Torán’, a personal name formed from a diminutive of tor ‘lord’, ‘hero’, ‘champion’.
O'Toran Irish (Anglicized)
Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Toráin ‘descendant of Torán’, a personal name formed from a diminutive of tor ‘lord’, ‘hero’, ‘champion’.
Ó Tormaigh Irish
Means "descendant of Tormach" in Irish.
O'Trohy Irish, Scottish
Anglicized form of Ó Troighthigh.
Ó Troighthigh Irish
Means "descendant of Troightheach"
O'Tuathalain Irish
May translate as "The male descendant of the follower of the lord".
O'Twolan Irish
The meaning of the name is unclear, but it seems to derive from the pre 13th century Gaelic O' Tuathalain suggesting that it was probably religious and may translate as "The male descendant of the follower of the lord".
Paip Medieval Scottish, Biblical Latin, Scottish Gaelic
An ancient Caithness surname, meaning father. The family changed their name from "Paip" to "Pope".
Parfitt English, Welsh
Derived from Middle English parfit meaning "perfect."