Behind the Name
the etymology and history of surnames
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Jewish Names

Aaron
Usage: Jewish
Extra: Statistics
From the given name Aaron.

Amos
Usage: Jewish
Extra: Statistics
From the given name Amos.

Amsel (1)
Usage: Jewish
Derived from the given name Amsl, a variant of Anselm.

Avraham
Usage: Jewish
Variant form of Abraham.

Bachman
Usage: Dutch, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "son of life" from the Hebrew ben chayim.

Baum
Usage: German, Jewish
Means "a tree" in German.

Baumann
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
From Middle High German buman meaning "farmer".

Berkovich
Usage: Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "son of Berko" in Yiddish, derived from Hebrew Baruch.

Berkowicz
Usage: Jewish
A variant spelling of Berkovich.

Berkowitz
Usage: Jewish
A variant spelling of Berkovich.

Bieber
Usage: German, Jewish
From Middle High German biber ‘beaver’, German Biber, or Yiddish biber, hence a nickname, possibly a nickname for a hard worker, or from some other fancied resemblance to the animal. In some cases the surname may be habitational, from a house or some other place named with this word. As a Jewish name it is largely ornamental.

Blum
Usage: Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "flower" in German and Yiddish.

Blumenthal
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Derived from German Blumen "flowers", thal "valley".

Blumstein
Usage: Jewish, German
Extra: Statistics
Means "flower stone" in German.

Böhmer
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Originally referred to a person who was from Bohemia (the western Czech Republic).

Briefman
Usage: Jewish
Most likely means "brief man". Its origin can be traced back to Israel.

Chaikin
Usage: Jewish
Metronymic from Yiddish female personal name Khayke, a pet form of Khaye, meaning "life".

Cohen
Usage: Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Hebrew for "priest". It usually denotes one of the priestly tribe of Levi.

David
Usage: English, French, Scottish, Jewish, Czech
Extra: Statistics
From the given name David.

Espinosa
Usage: Spanish, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
From the Spanish espinoso, meaning "thorny", ultimately from Latin spîna and spînosus, respectively meaning "spine" and "full of spines/spiny". Occasionally used as a Sephardic Jewish surname.

Ezra
Usage: Jewish
From the given name Ezra.

Feigenbaum
Usage: German, Jewish
Means "a fig tree" in German.

Feld
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "field" in German. The name was originally given to someone who lived on land cleared of forest.

Feldt
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
A variant of Feld.

Fermi
Usage: Italian, Jewish
A locative surname coming from the town of Fermo in Marche region, not far from Rome. It is often a Jewish surname. A Jewish community was in Fermo in the past centuries.

Fisher
Usage: English, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Cognate of Fischer.

Gass
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Name for someone who lived on a street in a city, from German gasse.

Goldhirsch
Usage: Jewish
It means "golden stag" in Yiddish.

Greenberg
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Anglicized form of the German surname Grünberg, which is formed from the words grün "green" and Berg "mountain." This name indicated a person who lived on or near a forest-covered mountain.

Greenspan
Usage: Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Anglicized form of German Grünspan which meant "verdigris". Verdigris is the green-blue substance that forms on copper.

Haber
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Derived from German Haber "oats". This was an occupational name for one who grew or sold oats.

Harel
Usage: Jewish
Means in Hebrew "mountain of God".

Herschel
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Variant of Hirsch (1) or Hirsch (2).

Hershey
Usage: Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Derived from the name Hirsh.

Hirsch (2)
Usage: Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Derived from the given name Hirsh.

Hochberg
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "high hill" in German.

Horowitz
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
From the German name for Horovice, a town in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic.

Jäger
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
From Middle High German jeger(e) meaning "hunter".

Jordan (2)
Usage: Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Derived from the name of the Jordan river in Israel, which is derived from yarad meaning "descend" or "flow down".

Kaminski
Usage: Polish, Russian, Ukrainian, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Name for someone who came from a town called Kamien. Kamien comes from the Slavic word kamiñ meaning "stone".

Kauffmann
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Variant of Kaufman.

Kaufman
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "merchant" in German.

Kleid
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Occupational name for a tailor, from German Kleid "garment, clothing".

Klein
Usage: German, Dutch, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "little" from German klein or Yiddish kleyn. A famous bearer of this name is clothes designer Calvin Klein.

Krakowski
Usage: Polish, Jewish
Habitional name for a person of the city of Kraków in southern Poland.

Kramer
Usage: German, Low German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Variant of Krämer.

Krantz
Usage: Jewish, German, Dutch
A variant of Kranz.

Kravitz
Usage: Jewish
Extra: Statistics
An occupational name meaning "tailor" (from Polish krawiec). A famous bearer is singer Lenny Kravitz.

Landau
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Derived from the German town of Landau, which meant "land valley".

Langer
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
German form of Long.

Lehrer
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
German surname meaning "teacher".

Levi
Usage: Jewish
Extra: Statistics
From the Hebrew name Levi, which derives from the word yilaveh, meaning "praised".

Levine
Usage: Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Derived from the given name Levi, which derives from the word yilaveh, "praised".

Lowe (1)
Usage: Jewish
A Germanized variant of Levi.

Luzzatto
Usage: Italian, Jewish
From Lusatia, a region of northern Germany from where a Jewish community came in about the 15th/16th century.

Maier
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Variant of Meyer (1).

Maksimov
Usage: Russian, Jewish, Bulgarian
Means "son of Maksim".

Mandel
Usage: German, Jewish
A variant of Mendel; also means "an almond" in German.

Mandelbaum
Usage: German, Jewish
Means "an almond tree" in German.

Markovic
Usage: Russian, Jewish, Serbian
Means "son of Marko.

Matos
Usage: Portuguese, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "dweller by a plantation of trees" from the Old Spanish mata. Matos is also a name adopted by Jews of Portuguese and Spanish background. In 1589, Francisco Rodrigues de Matos was accused of being a Rabbi and convicted by the Inquisition, but it is doubtful that he was, in fact, a Rabbi.

Mayer (2)
Usage: Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Comes from Hebrew meir which means "enlightened".

Meier
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Variant of Meyer (1).

Meir
Usage: Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Variant of Mayer (2).

Mencher
Usage: Polish, Jewish
Occupational surname for a miller or flour dealer (derived from Polish maczarz).

Mendel
Usage: Jewish, German
Extra: Statistics
Derived from the given name Mendel.

Mendelsohn
Usage: Jewish, German
Extra: Statistics
Means "son of Mendel".

Mendelssohn
Usage: Jewish, German
Means "son of Mendel".

Meyer (2)
Usage: Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Variant of Mayer (2).

Moses
Usage: Jewish, English
Extra: Statistics
Derived from the given name Moses.

Neuman
Usage: Jewish, German
Extra: Statistics
Variant of Neumann.

Novak
Usage: Czech, Polish, Slovak, Slovene, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Derived from Slavic novy "new", originally a name for someone who was new to a village.

Nussbaum
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "nut tree" from the Germanic words nuß meaning "nut" and baum meaning "tree".

Nussenbaum
Usage: German, Jewish
Variant of Nussbaum.

Östberg
Usage: Swedish, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "mountain (or hill) in the east" from Swedish öst "east" and berg "mountain", "hill".

Pascal
Usage: French, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Derived from the personal name Pascal.

Pasternack
Usage: Polish, Russian, Ukrainian, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
The name translates literally as "white turnip" or "parsnip".

Pasternak
Usage: Polish, Russian, Ukrainian, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Variant of Pasternack. Famous bearer was Boris Pasternak, author of 'Doctor Zhivago'.

Pontecorvo
Usage: Italian, Jewish
From the name of a village near Rome, where an Israeli community settled centuries ago.

Prinz
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "prince", used as an ornamental surname by Jews or as a nickname for someone who acted in a 'princely' manner.

Rapp (2)
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "dark haired" or "raven-like".

Regenbogen
Usage: German, Jewish
From the German word meaning "rainbow".

Reis
Usage: Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Ornamental name from German Reis, meaning "twig" or "branch".

Reuter (1)
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "dweller in a clearing" or "clearer of woodland" from the Middle High German riute.

Reuter (2)
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "highwayman" from the Middle High German riutœre.

Riese
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "giant" from German Riese.

Rose (1)
Usage: English, French, German, Scottish, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "rose" from the Middle English, Old French and Middle High German rose. All denote a person of a rosy complexion or a person who lived in a rosy area. Also found derived from the Yiddish royz which always referred to the flower.

Rosenberg
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "mountain of roses" in German.

Rosenberger
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Variant of Rosenberg.

Rosenfeld
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "field of roses" in German.

Rot
Usage: German, Jewish
Variant of Roth.

Roth
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
From Middle High German rot meaning "red". It was originally a nickname for a person with red hair.

Rothenberg
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "red mountain" from the German rot meaning "red" and berg meaning "mountain".

Rothschild
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "red shield, sign" from the German rot "red" and the German/Yiddish s(c)hild "sign, shield". The surname originally comes from one family who took their name from a house with a red shield or sign on it but since has been adopted by unrelated Jews.

Salomon
Usage: English, French, Venetian, German, Danish, Norwegian, Polish, Jewish, Hungarian
Extra: Statistics
Derived from the first name Salomon.

Samson
Usage: English, French, German, Jewish, Dutch
Extra: Statistics
Derived from the name Samson.

Samuel
Usage: English, French, German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Derived from the given name Samuel.

Scheinberg
Usage: German, Jewish
Means "lovely, beautiful mountain" from the German schön "fine, beautiful" and berg meaning "mountain".

Schenck
Usage: German, Dutch, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
From Middle High German, Middle Dutch schenke meaning "wine server" (from Old High German scenken "to pour out"). As a German name it also denotes a tavernkeeper.

Schindler
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "shingler, roof tiler". A famous bearer is Oskar Schindler, who saved over 1,000 Polish Jews during WWII.

Schneider (2)
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "tailor" from the German schneider or Yiddish shnayder. A famous bearer of the surname is Austrian actress Romy Schneider, remembered for her performance as Sissi.

Schnur
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "rope maker" from the German schnur or Yiddish shnur.

Schreier
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
German/Yiddish word that means "screamer" or "shrieker" or "crier", perhaps an occupational name for a town crier. There are two main branches of people with the name: Lutherans from Bavaria, and Ashkenazic Jews from the area of the Austro-Hungarian Empire formerly known as Galicia, which is today in southwestern Ukraine.

Schwarz
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
From Middle High German swarz meaning "black". Originally described a person with black hair or a black complexion.

Seelenfreund
Usage: German, Jewish
Middle High German vriunt, modern German freund, meaning "friend" and modern German seele, meaning "soul".

Segal (1)
Usage: Jewish
Extra: Statistics
An acronym of the Hebrew phrase SeGan Levia meaning "second rank Levite".

Seidel
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
From the German word seidel meaning "beer mug".

Shafir
Usage: Jewish
An ornamental surname meaning "sapphire" from the Yiddish shafir.

Shain
Usage: Jewish
Extra: Statistics
An ornamental surname meaning "beautiful, handsome" from the German schön.

Shapiro
Usage: Jewish
Extra: Statistics
From Hebrew shapir which means "pretty, lovely".

Sheinfeld
Usage: German, Jewish
Means "lovely, beautiful field" from the German schön "fine, beautiful" and feld meaning "field".

Sherman (2)
Usage: Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "tailor" in Yiddish, derived from sher "scissors".

Siegel (3)
Usage: Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Variant of Segal (1).

Silverstein
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "silver stone" from German Silber + Stein. It was adopted when the Jews in Europe were compelled to take surnames in the early part of the 19th century.

Simon
Usage: Czech, Dutch, English, French, German, Hungarian, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Derived from the Hebrew first name Simon.

Sinasohn
Usage: German, Jewish
Variant of Sinason.

Siskin
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "sweet child" from the words suess meaning "sweet" and kind meaning "child".

Siskind
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Variant of Siskin.

Sitz (1)
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Derived from a given name beginning with the Germanic element sigi meaning "victory".

Sitz (2)
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "house owner" from the Middle High German siz "seat, domicile".

Sobol
Usage: Polish, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Derived from either the Polish sobol meaning "marten" or the Old High German zobel meaning "sable".

Sokol
Usage: Czech, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "falcon" from the Slavic sokol. A occupational name for a falconer or as an ornamental name in the Jewish cases.

Sokoll
Usage: Russian, Czech, Jewish
From the Russian word sokol meaning "hawk".

Sokolof
Usage: Russian, Jewish, Polish
Means "son of Sokol".

Sokoloff (1)
Usage: Jewish, Polish
Extra: Statistics
Means "son of Sokol".

Sokolofsky
Usage: Polish, Jewish
Means "of Sokolof".

Sokolsky
Usage: Polish, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "from Sokol (the family)".

Solomon
Usage: French, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Variant of Salomon.

Spitznogle
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "sharp nail" in German.

Stein
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
From the Old High German word stein meaning "stone". It is common in German-Jewish names like Bernstein and Orenstein.

Stolarz
Usage: Polish, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Occupational name meaning "joiner" from Polish stolarz.

Stueck
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "piece, part" from the Middle High German st?ck.

Suess
Usage: German, Jewish
From a Jewish ornamental name from the Middle High German süss "sweet".

Tobias
Usage: English, French, German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
From the personal name Tobias.

Toledano
Usage: Jewish
A jewish name derived from the name of the city of toledo, during the banishing of the jews of spain into morroco and africa, they kept thier last names which signify the city of origin in spain.

Venetianer
Usage: German, Italian, Jewish
Probably one of the few surnames with an unique known ancestor - Mr. Alexsandor Vinazie, a Jewish gentlemen who possibly emigrated from Venice to the town of Liptovsky Mikulas in a region which today is known as the Slovak Republic. Vinazie was later germinized to its present form Venetianer.

Waldfogel
Usage: German, Jewish
Means "forest bird". Derived from the Old High German words wald, meaning "forest" and fogal meaning "bird".

Waldvogel
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Variant spelling of Waldfogel.

Wechsler
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "money changer, banker" from the German word Geldwechsler "money changer".

Wexler
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Variant of Wechsler.

Wirth
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Means "innkeeper" from the German Wirt "host".

Wolff
Usage: German, Norwegian, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
Variant of Wolf.

Zilberschlag
Usage: German, Jewish
An occupational surname for a silversmith from Yiddish zilber "silver" and schlag "strike".

Zimman
Usage: Jewish
Assigned to families migrating via Ellis Island in the early part of the 20th century. May be a variation of Zimmermann.

Zimmermann
Usage: German, Jewish
Extra: Statistics
From the German word for "carpenter", derived from Middle High German zimber "timber, wood" and mann "man".

Zingel
Usage: Jewish
From Middle High German zingel "defensive wall". This name was originally applied to a person who lived near the outermost wall of a castle.

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