Browse Surnames

Marchegiano Italian
From the name of the Marche region in Italy, derived from Late Latin marca meaning "borderland". It was the real surname of the American boxer Rocky Marciano (1923-1969), who was born Rocco Marchegiano.

Lázár Hungarian
From the given name Lázár.

Sandu Romanian
From the given name Sandu.

Zino Italian
Derived from the given name Zino, a short form of names ending with -zino, such as Lorenzino, a diminutive of Lorenzo, or Vincenzino, a diminutive of Vincenzo.

Quincy English
Originally from various place names in Normandy that were derived from the given name Quintus.

Marinović Croatian, Serbian
Means "son of Marin".

Skovgaard Danish
From a place name, derived from Danish skov "forest, wood" and gård "farm, yard".

Troelsen Danish
Means "son of Troels".

Klerkx Dutch
Variant of De Klerk.

Del Bosque Spanish
Means "of the forest" in Spanish.

Lund Danish, Swedish, Norwegian
Indicated a person who lived near a grove of trees, from Old Norse lundr meaning "grove". There are towns in Sweden named Lund.

Milburn English
Derived from various place names meaning "mill stream" in Old English.

Fortuyn Dutch
Dutch cognate of Fortune.

Fabron French
Diminutive form of Fabre.

Stein German, Jewish
From Old High German stein meaning "stone". It might indicate the original bearer lived near a prominent stone or worked as a stonecutter. As a Jewish name it is ornamental.

Nakahara Japanese
From Japanese 中 (naka) meaning "middle" and 原 (hara) meaning "field, plain".

Moto Japanese
From Japanese 本 (moto) meaning "base, root, origin". More commonly it is the final character in Japanese surnames.

Sciacca Italian
Originally denoted someone from Sciacca, Sicily, Italy, which is of uncertain origin.

Kristiansen Danish, Norwegian
Means "son of Kristian".

Ritter German
From Middle High German riter meaning "rider, knight", a cognate of Ryder.

Gori Italian
Derived from the given name Gregorio.

Santiago Spanish, Portuguese
From various Spanish and Portuguese places called Santiago.

Both Dutch
From the Low German given name Bode.

Saab Arabic
Means "hard, difficult" in Arabic.

Howard 2 English
Occupational name meaning "ewe herder", from Old English eowu "ewe" and hierde "herdsman, guardian".

De Smet Flemish
Flemish variant of Smit.

Pichler Upper German
From Bavarian Bühel meaning "hill".

Macey English
Variant of Massey.

Aoki Japanese
From Japanese 青 (ao) meaning "green, blue" and 木 (ki) meaning "tree, wood".

Cermak Czech (Anglicized)
Americanized form of Čermák.

Hoggard English
Occupational name meaning "pig herder", from Old English hogg "hog" and hierde "herdsman, guardian".

Murphy Irish
Anglicized form of Irish Ó Murchadha meaning "descendant of Murchadh". This is the most common Irish surname.

Millard English
Variant of Millward.

Leslie Scottish
From a Scottish clan name, earlier Lesselyn, derived from a place name in Aberdeenshire, itself probably from Gaelic leas celyn meaning "garden of holly".

Román Spanish
From the given name Román.

Ríos Spanish
Spanish cognate of Rios.

Baggi Italian
Variant of Baggio.

Aleshire German (Anglicized)
Anglicized form of Alscher.

Hoffman German (Anglicized)
Americanized form of Hoffmann.

Ó Máille Irish
Means "descendant of a nobleman" from the Irish Gaelic mál.

Schnoor German
Variant of Schnur.

Beech 1 English
English cognate of Bach 1.

Van Ankeren Dutch
Means "from the anchor" in Dutch.

Ivarsson Swedish
Means "son of Ivar".

Hutson English
Variant of Hudson.

Silverstein Jewish
Variant of Zilberstein.

Eide Norwegian
Derived from Old Norse eið meaning "isthmus".

McDermott Irish
Anglicized form of Irish Mac Diarmada meaning "son of Diarmaid". The McDermotts were nobility in the Kingdom of Connaught, a province in Ireland.

Satou Japanese
Alternate transcription of Japanese Kanji 佐藤 (see Satō).

Bertolini Italian
Derived from a diminutive of the given name Bertoldo.

Gagliardi Italian
From Italian gagliardo meaning "strong, vigorous".

Dunkel German
Means "dark" in German.

Semenyuk Ukrainian
From the given name Semen.

Smolarek Polish
Variant of Smolak.

Şahin Turkish
Means "hawk" in Turkish (of Persian origin), probably used to refer to someone who was a hawk tamer.

Vandale Dutch
Variant of Van Dalen.

Venczel Hungarian
Derived from the given name Vencel.

Chavarría Spanish
Variant of Echeverría.

Jérôme French
Derived from the given name Jérôme.

Huerta Spanish
Means "garden, orchard" in Spanish, ultimately from Latin hortus.

Paquet 2 French
From a diminutive of the given name Pascal.

Goossens Flemish
From the Germanic given name Gozzo.

Freitas Portuguese
Means "broken" in Portuguese, a name for one who lived on broken, stony ground.

Griffith Welsh, English
Derived from the Welsh given name Gruffudd.

Kuzmenko Ukrainian
Derived from the given name Kuzma.

Buckholtz German (Anglicized)
Anglicized form of Buchholz.

McFarlane Scottish, Irish
Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic MacPhàrlain or Irish Gaelic Mac Pharlain meaning "son of Parthalán".

Abdulrashid Arabic
Derived from the given name Abd ar-Rashid.

Sarka Hungarian (Anglicized)
Americanized form of Szarka.

Abel 1 English, French, Danish, Spanish, Portuguese
Derived from the given name Abel.

Sowards English, Irish
Possibly a variant of Seward 1 or Seward 3.

Spitz German
Means "sharp" in German, indicating the original bearer lived near a pointed hill.

Salvatici Italian
Italian form of Savage.

Martinelli Italian
From a diminutive of the given name Martino.

Traversa Italian
Italian form of Travers.

Szép Hungarian
Means "beautiful, lovely" in Hungarian.

Venner Dutch
Variant of Van der Veen.

Teahan Irish
Anglicized form of Irish Ó Téacháin meaning "descendant of Téachán". The given name Téachán possibly means "fugitive".

Li 2 Chinese
From Chinese 黎 (lí) meaning "black".

Knopp German
Variant of Knopf.

Green English
Descriptive name for someone who often wore the colour green or someone who lived near the village green.

Balık Turkish
From a Turkish word meaning "fish".

Quincey English
Variant of Quincy.

Raneri Italian
Derived from the Italian given name Raniero.

Dirks Dutch, German
Means "son of Dirk".

Arntzen Dutch
Means "son of Arend".

Easom English
Variant of Eads.

Darrow Scottish
Habitational name from Darroch near Falkirk, in Stirlingshire, said to be named from Gaelic darach meaning "oak tree".

Rovigatti Italian
From the name of the city of Rovigo in northeastern Italy near Venice. It was called Rodigium in Latin, and is of unknown meaning.

Doctor English
Originally denoted someone who was a doctor, ultimately from Latin doctor meaning "teacher".

Uberti Italian
Derived from the given name Uberto.

Košar Croatian
From Croatian koš meaning "basket", originally indicating a person who made or sold baskets.

Kneller German
Originally a nickname for a noisy or disruptive person, derived from Old German knellen "to make noise, to cause a disturbance".

Nicolosi Italian
From the name of the town Nicolosi on Sicily, itself named for Saint Nicholas.

Marino Italian, Spanish
Derived from the given name Marino.

Verona Italian
From the name of the city of Verona, one of the most important historical cities of northern Italy. The meaning of the city's name is uncertain.

Vasileiou Greek
Alternate transcription of Greek Βασιλείου (see Vasiliou).

Leon English
Variant of Lyon 1, Lyon 2 or Lyon 3.

Wilk Polish
Means "wolf" in Polish.

Kiss Hungarian
Nickname meaning "small" in Hungarian.

Mayer 1 German
Variant of Meyer 1.

Panossian Armenian
Alternate transcription of Armenian Փանոսյան (see Panosyan).

Arissen Dutch
Variant of Ariesen.

Cao Chinese
From Chinese 曹 (cáo) referring to the ancient state of Cao, which existed during the Zhou dynasty in what is now Shandong province.

Abrams Jewish, English
Means "son of Abraham".

Akkerman Dutch
Dutch form of Ackermann.

Alma Frisian
Means "son of Ale 2", the suffix -ma indicating that it is of Frisian origin.

Larue French
Means "the street" in French.

Leavitt English
From the name of various places called Livet in Normandy, France. They are possibly of Gaulish origin.

Nielson English
Variant of Nelson 1.

St Pierre French
From a French place named for Saint Peter.

Ljungstrand Swedish
From Swedish ljung (Old Norse lyng) meaning "heather" and strand (Old Norse strǫnd) meaning "beach".

Turati Italian
From the name of the town of Turate near Como in Lombardy.

Lu 1 Chinese
From Chinese 吕 (lǚ) meaning "musical note" and also referring to the former state of Lu, which was situated in what is now Henan province.

Stavrou Greek
From the given name Stavros.

Mac Síthigh Irish
Irish Gaelic form of McSheehy.

English English
Denoted a person who was of English heritage. It was used to distinguish people who lived in border areas (for example, near Wales or Scotland). It was also used to distinguish an Anglo-Saxon from a Norman.

Perić Croatian, Serbian
Means "son of Pero".

Ó Rabhartaigh Irish
Irish Gaelic form of Rafferty.

Vandroogenbroeck Flemish
Means "from the dry marsh" in Dutch. The city of Brussels was built on dry marshes.

MacIver Scottish
Variant of McIver.

Zimmerman German
Variant of Zimmermann.

Wilkerson English
Means "son of Wilkin".

Gardinier French
French form of Gardener.

Tatham English
From the name of the town of Tatham in Lancashire, itself from the Old English given name Tata combined with ham meaning "home, settlement".

Hadžić Bosnian
From Bosnian hadž meaning "hajj, pilgrimage", ultimately derived from Arabic حَجّ (ḥajj). It originally denoted a person who had completed the hajj.

Küchler German
Occupational surname for a baker who made small cakes or cookies, derived from Middle High German kuoche "cake, pastry".

Glynn Welsh, Cornish
Topographic name for someone who lived in a valley, from Welsh glyn and Cornish glin, or a habitational name from a place named with this word.

Lecce Italian
Originally indicated a person from Lecce, southern Italy. The town was known as Licea or Litium in Latin, earlier Lupiae.

Downer English
Name for someone who lived on or near a down, which is an English word meaning "hill".

Pope English
From a nickname that originally designated a person who played the part of the pope in a play or pageant. Otherwise the name could be used as a nickname for a man with a solemn, austere, or pious appearance. It is derived from Latin papa, ultimately from Greek πάππας (pappas) meaning "father".

Garb German
Variant of Garber.

Allen English, Scottish
Derived from the given name Alan.

Mach mu Czech, Polish
From a diminutive of the given names Matěj or Maciej.

Meinhardt German
Derived from the given name Meinhard.

Sherazi Urdu
Urdu form of Shirazi.

Sauvageot French
French diminutive form of Savage.

Steinsson Icelandic
Means "son of Steinn".

Tolvaj Hungarian
Means "thief" in Hungarian.

Ward 2 Irish
Anglicized form of Irish Mac an Bhaird, which means "son of the bard".

Szombathy Hungarian
From Hungarian szombat meaning "Saturday".

Palmeiro Portuguese
Portuguese form of Palmer.

Clancy Irish
From Irish Mac Fhlannchaidh meaning "descendant of Flannchadh". The given name Flannchadh means "red warrior".

Egawa Japanese
From Japanese 江 (e) meaning "bay, inlet" and 川 (kawa) meaning "river, stream".

Asturias Spanish
From the name of a region in Spain, formerly a medieval kingdom. It is possibly derived from Basque asta "rock" and ur "water".

Bramson Jewish
Means "son of Bram".

Esteves Portuguese
Means "son of Estevão".

Jughashvili Georgian (Rare)
Meaning uncertain. One theory suggests Ossetian roots with the meaning "son of the herder", derived from Ossetian дзуг (dzug) meaning "herd, flock, troop". Alternately, it could be derived from the name of the village of ჯუღაანი (Jughaani) in eastern Georgia. The most notable bearer was Joseph Stalin (1878-1953), born Ioseb Jughashvili, a leader of the Soviet Union.

Elliott English
Derived from a diminutive of the given name Elias.

Dean 1 English
Derived from Middle English dene meaning "valley".

Castilla Spanish
Originally indicated a person from Castile, a region (and medieval kingdom) in Spain. The name of the region is derived from Late Latin castellum meaning "castle".

Carmody Irish
Anglicized form of Irish Ó Cearmada meaning "descendant of Cearmaid", a Gaelic given name.

Blair Scottish
From any one of several places of this name in Scotland, which derive from Gaelic blàr meaning "plain, field, battlefield".

Haggard English
From a nickname meaning "wild, untamed, worn", from Old French, ultimately from a Germanic root.

Chai Chinese
From Chinese 柴 (chái) meaning "firewood".

Krauss German
Variant of Kraus.

El-Ghazzawy Arabic
Alternate transcription of Arabic الغزّاوي (see Al-Ghazzawi).

Dávid um Hungarian, Slovak
From the given name Dávid.

Wirnhier German
From the given name Werner.

Logan Scottish
From a Scottish place name meaning "little hollow", derived from Gaelic lag "hollow, pit".

Travers English, French
From an English and French place name that described a person who lived near a bridge or ford, or occasionally as an occupational name for the collector of tolls at such a location. The place name is derived from Old French traverser (from Latin transversus), which means "to cross".

Orlando Italian
Derived from the given name Orlando.

Kuijlaars Dutch
Derived from Middle Dutch cule "hole, pit".

Bonaccorsi Italian
From the medieval given name Bonaccorso.

MacIomhair Scottish Gaelic
Scottish Gaelic form of McIver.

McPhee Scottish
Anglicized form of MacDhubhshìth.

Vanhanen Finnish
From Finnish vanha meaning "old".

Trask English
Originally indicated a person from Thirsk, North Yorkshire, derived from Old Norse þresk meaning "fen, marsh".

Parsamyan Armenian
Means "son of Parsam", possibly from an Assyrian name Barsauma meaning "fasting".

Gunnarsson Swedish, Icelandic
Means "son of Gunnar".

McConnell Scottish, Irish
Derived from Gaelic MacDhòmhnaill (see MacDonald).

Bähr German
From Middle High German bër "bear" or ber "boar". This was originally a nickname for a strong or brave person.

Bergman Swedish
From Swedish berg meaning "mountain" and man (Old Norse maðr) meaning "person, man", originally a name for a person living on a mountain.

Willard English
From the given name Wilheard or Willihard.

Melnyk Ukrainian
Means "miller" in Ukrainian. This is the most common Ukrainian surname.

Atkinson English
Means "son of Atkin", a medieval diminutive of Adam.

Gniewek Polish
Derived from Gniewek, a diminutive of Zbigniew, Jarogniew, or other names containing gniew "anger".

Wu 2 Chinese
From Chinese 武 (wǔ) meaning "military, martial".

Stankić Serbian, Croatian
Means "son of Stanko".

Zaman Arabic, Urdu
Derived from the given name Zaman.

Pinheiro Portuguese
Means "pine tree" in Portuguese.

Smith English
Means "metalworker, blacksmith" from Old English smiþ, related to smitan "to smite, to hit". It is the most common surname in most of the English-speaking world. A famous bearer was the Scottish economist Adam Smith (1723-1790).

Zhuk Belarusian
Means "beetle" in Belarusian.

Boyko Ukrainian
Originally indicated a member of the Boykos, an ethnic group of western Ukraine.

Ungaretti Italian
Diminutive of Ungaro.

Shwetz Ukrainian (Anglicized)
Anglicized form of Shvets.

Karjalainen Finnish
Derived from Finnish Karjala meaning "Karelia". Karelia is an area on the border between Finland and Russia.

Enns German
Derived from a short form of the German given name Anselm.

Ryder English
Occupational name for a mounted warrior, from Old English ridere meaning "rider".

Van Dam Dutch
Means "from the dam" in Dutch.

Flipse Dutch
Variant of Flipsen.

Mac Cába Irish
Irish form of McCabe.

Pantoja Spanish
Originally indicated a person from the town of Pantoja, in Toledo, Spain.

Geiszler German (Anglicized)
Variant of Geissler 1 or Geissler 2.

Leitzke German
Either from Leitzkau, the name of a town in Saxony-Anhalt, or from a diminutive of the given name Leutz, a variant of Lutz.

Lombardi Italian
Originally indicated someone who came from the Lombardy region of northern Italy, which was named for the Lombards, a Germanic tribe who invaded in the 6th century. Their name is derived from the Old German roots lang "long" and bart "beard".

De Palma Italian
Means "from the palm tree" in Italian.

Ruotsalainen Finnish
Means "Swede" in Finnish.

Antonise Dutch
Derived from the given name Antonius.

Wardrobe English
From Old French warder "to guard" and robe "garment", an occupational name for a servant responsible for the clothing in a household.

Vadas Hungarian
From Hungarian vad meaning "wild", either a nickname or an occupational name for a hunter of wild game.

Flannery Irish
Anglicized form of Irish Ó Flannghaile meaning "descendant of Flannghal", a given name meaning "red valour".

Murgia Sardinian
Means "brine" in Sardinian, perhaps a nickname for someone who pickled foods.

Oikonomou Greek
Derived from Greek οικονόμος (ikonomos) meaning "housekeeper, steward".

Heikki Finnish
From the given name Heikki.

Pfenning German
From Old High German pfenning meaning "penny, coin". It was used in reference to feudal tax obligations.

Amsing Dutch
Means "(farm) belonging to Amse" in Dutch.

Miyajima Japanese
From Japanese 宮 (miya) meaning "temple, shrine, palace" and 島 (shima) meaning "island".

Rosales Spanish
Means "rose bushes" in Spanish.

Gomes Portuguese
From the medieval given name Gomes.

McKendrick Scottish
Anglicized form of Gaelic MacEanruig meaning "son of Eanraig".

Duffy 2 Irish, Scottish
Anglicized form of Mac Dhuibhshíthe.

Ó Dálaigh Irish
Irish Gaelic form of Daly.

Kravchuk Ukrainian
Derived from Ukrainian кравець (kravets) meaning "tailor".

Castañeda Spanish
Habitational name from any of various places called Castañeda, from a Spanish word meaning "chestnut grove", itself derived from castaña meaning "chestnut".

Couch Cornish
From Cornish cough "red", indicating the original bearer had red hair.

Kertész Hungarian
Occupational name meaning "gardener" in Hungarian.

Martinsen Norwegian, Danish
Means "son of Martin".

Mathews English
Derived from the given name Matthew.

Trapani Italian
From the name of the Sicilian city of Trapani, derived from Greek δρεπάνη (drepane) meaning "sickle".

Molina Spanish
Means "mill" in Spanish.

Ludvigsen Danish
Means "son of Ludvig".

Hood English
Metonymic occupational name for a maker of hoods or a nickname for someone who wore a distinctive hood, from Old English hod.

Schermer Dutch, Low German
Dutch and Low German form of Schirmer.

Wojewódka Polish
Variant of Wojewoda.

Moreira Portuguese
Derived from Portuguese amoreira meaning "mulberry tree".

MacNeachdainn Scottish Gaelic
Scottish Gaelic form of Mac Neachtain.

Grigorescu Romanian
Means "son of Grigore" in Romanian.

Marín Spanish
Derived from the given name Marino.

Noschese Italian
From the name of the town of Nusco in Campania, southern Italy.

Almeida Portuguese
Designated a person who had originally lived in the town of Almeida in Portugal. The place name is from Arabic ال مائدة (al māʾida) meaning "the plateau, the table".

Stringer English
Occupational name for a maker of string or bow strings, from Old English streng "string".

Peeters Dutch, Flemish
Dutch and Flemish variant of Peters.

Spijker 1 Dutch
Denoted a dweller by or worker at a granary, from Dutch spijker "granary".

Warwick English
From the name of an English town, itself derived from Old English wer "weir, dam" and wic "village, town".

Kimberley English
From various English places called Kimberley. They mean either "Cyneburga's field", "Cynebald's field" or "Cynemær's field".

Wright 1 English
From Old English wyrhta meaning "wright, maker", an occupational name for someone who was a craftsman. Famous bearers were Orville and Wilbur Wright, the inventors of the first successful airplane.

Papadimitriou Greek
Means "son of Dimitrios the priest", from Greek πάπας (papas) combined with the given name Dimitrios.

Walentowicz Polish
Means "son of Walenty".

Ó Fionnáin Irish
Irish Gaelic form of Fannon.

Hoek Dutch
From Dutch hoek meaning "corner".

Cuoco Italian
Italian cognate of Cook.

McGinnis Irish
Variant of McGuinness.

Koppel Estonian, Danish
From Low German koppel meaning "paddock, pasture" (a word borrowed into Estonian).

Blaise French
Derived from the given name Blaise.

Johansson Swedish
Means "son of Johan". This is the second most common surname in Sweden.

Marić Croatian, Serbian
Means "son of Marija".

Phạm Vietnamese
Vietnamese form of Fan, from Sino-Vietnamese 范 (phạm). This is the fourth most common surname in Vietnam.

Overton English
Denoted a person who hailed from one of the various places in England called Overton, meaning "upper settlement" or "riverbank settlement" in Old English.

Terry English
Derived from the medieval name Thierry, a Norman French form of Theodoric.

Ozolinsh Latvian (Anglicized)
Anglicized form of Ozoliņš.

Quigg Irish
Anglicized form of Irish Ó Cuaig meaning "descendant of Cuaig", a given name of unknown meaning.

Lemaire French
Means "the mayor" in French. It was a title given to a town official, or else a nickname for someone who was pompous and officious.

Elton English
From an English place name meaning "Ella's town".

Vang 1 Norwegian, Danish
Variant of Wang 3.

Tiryaki Turkish
Possibly from a nickname meaning "addict, opium user" in Turkish.

Unkle German
Possibly denoted a person from the town of Unkel in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

Hail English
From a nickname derived from Middle English hail meaning "healthy" (of Old Norse origin).

O'Donnell Irish
Anglicized form of Irish Ó Domhnaill meaning "descendant of Domhnall".

Sansone Italian
Derived from the given name Sansone.

Sano Japanese
From Japanese 佐 (sa) meaning "help, aid" and 野 (no) meaning "field, wilderness".

Varano Italian
Derived from one of the many towns of this name in Italy.

Galli Italian
Variant of Gallo, common in northern Italy.

Clacher Scottish
From Scottish Gaelic clachair meaning "stonemason".

Alderliesten Dutch
From Dutch allerliefste meaning "most dearest". This name could have referred to the nature of the person or perhaps a phrase the person commonly used.

Aaron Jewish, English
From the given name Aaron.

Van Wieren Frisian, Dutch
Means "from Wieren". This is the name of towns in Frisia and other parts of the Netherlands, which mean "seaweed".

Leighton English
Variant of Layton.

Alonso Spanish
From the given name Alonso.

Ó Cruadhlaoich Irish
Irish Gaelic form of Crowley 1.

Anema Frisian
Means "son of Ane 2".

Anghel Romanian
From the given name Anghel.

Najm Arabic
From the given name Najm.

Furukawa Japanese
From Japanese 古 (furu) meaning "old" and 川 (kawa) or 河 (kawa) both meaning "river, stream".

Bandini Italian
From the Latin name Bandinus, a derivative of Bandus, which is of unknown meaning.

Pitts English
Indicated a person who lived by a pit or hollow, from Old English pytt. It could also indicate a person from Pitt (Hants) or Pett (East Sussex) in England.

Vilaró Catalan
Catalan variant of Vilar.

Szweda Polish
Derived from Polish Szwed meaning "Swede, person from Sweden".

McClain Scottish
Variant of McLain.

Lindberg Swedish
From Swedish lind meaning "linden tree" and berg meaning "mountain".

Schipper Dutch
Occupational name meaning "skipper, ship captain" in Dutch.

Wrona Polish
Derived from Polish wrona meaning "crow".

Gupta Hindi, Marathi, Bengali, Gujarati, Punjabi, Telugu
Means "protected" in Sanskrit.

Stiles English
Variant of Styles.

Aitken Scottish, English
Derived from the medieval given name Atkin, a diminutive of Adam.

Escárcega Spanish
Derived from the Basque place name Eskarzaga, which itself is derived from Basque hazkar "maple".

Mihaljević Croatian
Means "son of Mihael".

Savege English (Rare)
Variant of Savage.

Northrop English
Originally denoted one who came from a town of this name England, meaning "north farm".

Nardi Italian
From the given name Nardo, which was originally a short form of names like Bernardo or Leonardo.

York English
From the name of the English city of York, which was originally called Eburacon (Latinized as Eboracum), meaning "yew" in Brythonic. In the Anglo-Saxon period it was corrupted to Eoforwic, based on Old English eofor "boar" and wic "village". This was rendered as Jórvík by the Vikings and eventually reduced to York.

McRae Scottish
From Gaelic Mag Raith meaning "son of Rath", a given name meaning "prosperity" or "grace".

Maxwell Scottish
From a place name meaning "Mack's stream", from the name Mack, a short form of the Scandinavian name Magnus, combined with Old English wille "well, stream". A famous bearer was James Maxwell (1831-1879), a Scottish physicist who studied gases and electromagnetism.

Banner English
Occupational name for a flag carrier, derived from Old French baniere meaning "banner", ultimately of Germanic origin.

O'Hannagain Irish
From Irish Ó hAnnagáin, which means "descendant of Annagán". The given name Annagán was a diminutive of Annadh meaning "delay".

Hutchinson English
Means "son of Huchin", a medieval diminutive of Hugh.

Nørup Danish
From the name of Danish villages named Nørup or Norup.

Teke 2 Turkish
Occupational name for a goat herder, from Turkish teke "goat".

Nasato Italian
Nickname for someone with a prominent nose, from Italian naso "nose".

Pop Romanian
Variant of Popa.