Unisex Submitted Surnames

Unisex   Masculine   Feminine
usage
gender
Submitted names are contributed by users of this website. The accuracy of these name definitions cannot be guaranteed.
Künnapuu Estonian
Künnapuu is an Estonian surname meaning "European white elm tree" (Ulmus laevis).
Kunnas Finnish
Means "hill" in Finnish.
Kunnathuparambil Malayalam (Rare)
Elamkunnapuzha-Kunnathuparambil Family has a rich history of around 200 years and traces its origins to a small village called Elamkunnapuzha in Ernakulam District. It was at that time one of our ancestors migrated from Elamkunnapuzha to a small village called Vennoor, near Mala in Thrissur District for his livelihood... [more]
Künnen German
Metronymic from the given name Kunigunde.
Künnis Estonian
Künnis is an Estonian surname meaning "threshold" and "doorstep" and "crest".
Kuno Japanese
From Japanese 久 (ku) meaning "long time ago" and 野 (no) meaning "field, wilderness".
Kunt Turkish
Means "Solid", also the old Turkish name of a mountain range in Asia where Turks supposedly originated from.
Kuntu Estonian
Kuntu is an Estonian surname possibly derived from "kunde" meaning "customer".
Kunugiza Japanese (Rare)
From Japanese 椚座 (Kunugiza) meaning "Kunugiza", a former division in the former village of Kusaka in the former district of Tsuna in the former Japanese province of Awaji in parts of present-day Hyōgo, Japan.
Künzi German (Swiss)
Derived from a diminutive of Kunz.
Künzler German
Nickname for a flatterer, from an agent derivative of Middle High German künzen "to flatter".
Kuo Taiwanese
Alternate transcription of Guo chiefly used in Taiwan.
Kuoni Romansh
Derived from the given name Conrad.
Kuopus Finnish
A house name in Pudasjärvi Oulu Finland... [more]
Kuosmanen Finnish
Meaning uncertain. Possibly deriving from the Finnish element kuoha ("foam"), or the element kousi ("pattern"). Features the nen suffix commonly found in surnames of Savo-Karelian origin.
Kuperus Dutch
Latinized form of Kuiper "barrel cooper".
Kupfer German, Jewish
German (Küpfer) and Jewish (Ashkenazic) metonymic occupational name for a worker or trader in copper, Middle High German kupfer, German Kupfer ‘copper’... [more]
Kupina Croatian, Russian
The Croatian form is derived from kupina, meaning "blackberry". The Russian form is derived from Неопалимая купина (Neopalimaya Kupina), referring to the burning bush from the Book of Exodus.
Kupka Czech, Polish, Ukrainian, Slovak, Sorbian, Jewish
Nickname or topographic name from the Polish, Ukrainian, Czech and Sorbian word kupka, a diminutive of kupa meaning "heap, pile", in Upper Sorbian also "lump".... [more]
Kupp Estonian
Kupp is an Estonian surname meaning "pip".
Kurachi Japanese
From Japanese 倉 (kura) meaning "granary, storehouse" and 知 (chi) meaning "wisdom".
Kurahashi Japanese
From Japanese 倉 (kura) meaning "granary, storehouse" and 橋 (hashi) meaning "bridge".
Kurahayashi Japanese
Kura means "storehouse" and hayashi means "forest, grove".
Kurai Japanese
Kura means "warehouse, storehouse" and i means "well, pit, mineshaft".
Kurama Japanese
Kura can mean "own, possess, warehouse, storehouse" and ma can mean "horse".
Kuramae Japanese
Kura means "storehouse, warehouse, have, possess" and mae means "front, forward".
Kuramochi Japanese
From Japanese 倉 (kura) meaning "granary, storehouse" and 持 (mochi) meaning "hold, have, possess".
Kuramoto Japanese
From Japanese 倉 or 蔵 (kura) meaning "warehouse, storehouse" and 本 (moto) meaning "base, root, origin".
Kuramura Japanese
Kura means "storehouse" and mura means "village, hamlet".
Kuranishi Japanese
Kura means "granary, warehouse, storehouse, has, possess" and nishi means "west".
Kurano Japanese
Kura means "storehouse, warehouse" no means "field, wilderness, plain".
Kuranoo Japanese
From 倉 (kura) meaning "possess, have, granary, storehouse", 野 (no) meaning "field", and 尾 (o) meaning "end, tail".... [more]
Kurasawa Japanese
倉 (Kura) means "Owns, Storehouse, Posesses" and 沢 (Sawa) means "Marsh, Swamp".
Kurashiki Japanese
From 倉 (kura) meaning "have, possess, storehouse, granary", combined with 式 (shiki) meaning "formula, expression, ceremony" or 敷 (shiki) meaning "house, paving".
Kurauchi Japanese
From Japanese 倉 (kura) or 蔵/藏 (kura) both meaning "granary, storehouse" and 内 (uchi) meaning "inside".
Kureshi Indian (Muslim)
Indian variant of Qureshi.
Kurg Estonian
Kurg is an Estonian surname meaning "stork".
Kuri Japanese
From 栗 (kuri) meaning "chestnut".
Kuriakose Syrian, Aramaic
Kuriakose is a common male first name and surname among Saint Thomas Christians, mainly from central part of the state of Kerala in India and surrounding areas.... [more]
Kurian Greek
Originated from the name Quriaqos (ܩܘܪܝܩܘܣ) or the Greek Kyrios or kurios (Ancient Greek: κύριος) meaning Lord, master, power or authority, and is very popular among Kerala Christians both as a first name and as a surname.
Kurian Indian (Christian)
From the given name Kurian.
Kuribayashi Japanese
From Japanese 栗 (kuri) meaning "chestnut" and 林 (hayashi) meaning "forest".
Kurida Japanese
From 栗 (kuri) meaning "chestnut" and 田 (ta) meaning "field, rice paddy".
Kurien Indian (Christian)
From the given name Kurien.
Kurigawa Japanese
The Surname "Kurigawa/Kurikawa" translates to "Chestnut River"
Kurihaba Japanese
栗幅 = chestnut | hanging scroll; width ... [more]
Kurihara Japanese
From Japanese 栗 (kuri) meaning "chesnut" and 原 (hara) meaning "field, plain".
Kurihashi Japanese
Kuri means "chestnut" and hashi means "bridge".
Kurikara Japanese (Rare)
Kuri means "chestnut" and kara means "larch."
Kuriki Japanese
From Japanese 栗 (kuri) meaning "chestnut" and 城 (ki) meaning "castle".
Kurimida Japanese
Kurimi means "chestnut" and da comes from ta meaning "rice paddy, field".
Kurimita Japanese
Kurimi means "chestnut" and ta means "field, rice paddy".
Kurimoto Japanese
Kuri means "Chestnut" and Moto means "Origin, Source, Root".
Kurimoto Japanese
From Japanese 栗 (kuri) meaning "chestnut" and 本 (moto) meaning "base, root, origin".
Kurio Japanese
Kuri means "chestnut" and o means "tail".
Kurisingal Malayalam
Malayalam surname used by the St Thomas Christians of Kerala.
Kurisoo Estonian
Kurisoo is an Estonian surname meaning "evil swamp/marsh".
Kuristik Estonian
Kuristik is an Estonian surname meaning "gully".
Kurisu Japanese
This surname is used as 栗栖, 栗須, 栗洲 with 栗 (ri, ritsu, ononoku, kuri) meaning "chestnut", 栖 (sei, su.mu) meaning "cobweb, den, hive, nest, rookery", 須 (shu, su, subekara.ku, subeshi, hige, matsu, mochi.iru, moto.meru) meaning "by all means, necessarily, ought" and 洲 (shuu, su, shima) meaning "continent, country, island, sandbar."... [more]
Kurita Japanese
From Japanese 栗 (kuri) meaning "chesnut" and 田 (ta) meaning "field, rice paddy".
Kuritsuka Japanese
Kuri means "chestnut" and tsuka means "mound, hillock".
Kuritsyn Russian
Derived from Russian курица (kuritsa) meaning "chicken".
Kuriyama Japanese
From Japanese 栗 (kuri) meaning "chestnut" and 山 (yama) meaning "mountain".
Kurizuka Japanese
A variant of Kuritsuka.... [more]
Kurnatowski Polish
This indicates familial origin within the Greater Polish village of Kurnatowice.
Kurnaz Turkish
Means "sly, cunning" in Turkish.
Kuroba Japanese
From the Japanese 黒 (kuro) meaning "black" and 羽 (ha) meaning "feather, plume."
Kurobe Japanese
From Japanese 黒 (kuro) meaning "black" and 部 (be) meaning "part, section".
Kurobiru Japanese (Rare)
Variant reading of Japanese Kanji 畔蒜 (see Abiru).
Kurogi Japanese
Variant of Kuroki, Kuro means "Black" and Gi means "Tree, Wood".
Kurogiri Japanese
From Japanese 黒 (kuro) meaning "black" and 霧 (giri) meaning "mist"
Kurohashi Japanese
Kuro means "black" and hashi means "bridge".
Kuroi Japanese
Kuro means "black" and i means "mineshaft, pit, hole".
Kuroita Japanese
Kuro means "black" and ita mean "board, plank".
Kurokawa Japanese
From Japanese 黒 (kuro) meaning "black" combined with 川 (kawa) or 河 (kawa) both meaning "river."
Kuroko Japanese (Rare)
Kuro means "black" and ko means "child, sign of the rat". ... [more]
Kuromiya Japanese
Kuro means "Black" and Miya means "Shrine".... [more]
Kuromusha Japanese (Rare)
From Japanese 黒武者 (Kuromusha) meaning "Kuromusha", a division in the division of Urano in the area of Iriki in the city of Satsumasendai in the prefecture of Kagoshima in Japan or a name of a group of several households in the Kadowari System that took place in the Edo Period in the former Japanese province of Satsuma in parts of present-day Kagoshima, Japan.
Kurone Japanese
Variant reading of Japanese Kanji 畔蒜 (see Abiru).
Kuronire Japanese (Rare)
Variant reading of 畔蒜 (see Abiru).
Kuronishi Japanese (Rare)
Variant reading of Japanese Kanji 畔蒜 (see Abiru).
Kuroniwa Japanese
Kuro means "black" and niwa means "garden".
Kurono Japanese
Kuro means "black" and no means "field, wilderness, plain".
Kuronuma Japanese
Kuro means "black" and numa means "swamp".
Kuroo Japanese
From 黒 (kuro) meaning "black" and 尾 (o) meaning "tail".
Kuropatkin Russian
Derived from Russian куропатка (kuropatka) meaning "partridge".
Kurosaka Japanese
Kuro means "Black" and Saka means "Hill, Slope".
Kurosaki Japanese
From Japanese 黒 (kuro) meaning "black" and 崎 (saki) meaning "cape, peninsula".
Kurose Japanese
Kuro means "black" and se means "current, ripple".
Kuroshima Japanese
From Japanese 黒 (kuro) meaning "black" and 島 (shima) meaning "island".
Kurosu Japanese
From Japanese 黒 (kuro) meaning "black" and 須 (su) meaning "mandatory, necessary".
Kuroyanagi Japanese
From Japanese 黒 (kuro) meaning "black" and 柳 (yanagi) meaning "willow".
Kurpjuhn German (East Prussian)
East Prussian German (and thus heavily Lithuanian influenced) name meaning "shoemaker", derived from Old Prussian kurpjuns "shoemaker", ultimately from Old Prussian kurpe, kurpi "shoe".
Kürschner German
Occupational name for a furrier, Middle High German kürsenære, from Middle High German kürsen meaning "fur coat".
Kursumulu Albanian
Meaning unknown.
Kurşun Turkish
Means "lead (the element), bullet, projectile" in Turkish.
Kurt Turkish
Means "wolf" in Turkish.
Kurth German
From the given name Kurt
Kurtis English
Variant of Curtis.
Kurtoğlu Turkish
Means "son of the wolf" from Turkish kurt meaning "wolf".
Kurtsen Danish (Rare)
Means "son of Kurt".
Kurtz German
Variant of Kurz.
Kuru Japanese
Japanese: though written with the character for ‘give’ or ‘present’, the original meaning may actually be ‘sunset’. The name is listed in the Shinsen shōjiroku and is no longer common in Japan, but there is a city by that name in Hiroshima prefecture and the area may have ancient connections with the family.
Kuru Turkish
Means "dry, bare" in Turkish.
Kurumi Japanese (Rare)
From 栗 (kurumi) meaning "chestnut".
Kurup Malayalam
From a title traditionally bestowed upon weapon makers and masters of martial arts, of uncertain meaning.
Kurushima Japanese
From 栗 (kuru) meaning "chestnut" and 島 (shima) meaning "island".
Kurusu Japanese
Combination of 来 (kuru), meaning "come, next", and 栖 (su), meaning "nest, den".
Kurvits Estonian
Kurvits is an Estonian surname meaning "woodcock" and "snipe".
Kuryakin Russian (Rare)
Possibly a variant of Koryakin.
Kurylenko Ukrainian
Possibly an alternate transcription of Ukrainian Кириле́нко (see Kyrylenko). A famous bearer is Ukrainian-French actress and model Olga Kurylenko (1979-).
Kurylo Ukrainian
From the personal name Kurýlo, a Ukrainian form of the ancient Slavic name Kiril, from Greek Kyrillos, a derivative of kyrios "Lord"... [more]
Kurzawa Polish
Of Polish origin, used by celebrities Karina and Ronald Kurzawa (duo from Sis Vs. Bro).
Kurzberg German, Yiddish, Jewish
From a location name meaning "short mountain" in German, from Middle High German kurz meaning "short" and berg meaning "mountain". As a Jewish surname it is ornamental.
Kurzhals German
Short Neck
Kuş Turkish
Means "bird" in Turkish.
Kusain Filipino, Maguindanao
From the given name Kusain.
Kusainov Kazakh
Means "son of Kusain" (see Husayn).
Kusaka Japanese
meaning of sound of KUSA-KA is grassy-place. on kanji it means 日(sun) 下(under), there is association which grass grows good under the sun. this is the special case of usage of kanji in Japanese such as 飛鳥 asuka, 春日 kasuga and 長谷川 hasegawa.
Kusaka Japanese
From Japanese 日 (ku) meaning "sun, day" and 下 (saka) meaning "under, below".
Kusakari Japanese
From Japanese 草 (kusa) meaning "grass, herbs" and 刈 (kari) meaning "reap, cut, prune".
Kusama Japanese
From Japanese 草 (kusa) meaning "grass, herbs" and 間 (ma) meaning "among, between".
Kusanagi Japanese
From Japanese 草 (kusa) meaning "grass" and 彅 (nagi) meaning "cutter". A notable bearer of this surname is actor Tsuyoshi Kusanagi (草彅 剛, Kusanagi Tsuyoshi, 1974–).
Kusano Japanese
From Japanese 草 (kusa) meaning "grass, herbs" and 野 (no) meaning "field, wilderness".
Kusayanagi Japanese
From Japanese 草 (kusayanagi) meaning "grass" or 日 (kusayanagi) meaning "sun, day". Other kanji combinations are possible.
Kuschmann German, Jewish
Probably derived from a Germanized form of the Ancient Greek given name Kosmas.
Kuşçu Turkish
Occupational name for a breeder, seller or trainer of birds, from Turkish kuş meaning "bird".
Kuse Japanese
Ku means "long time ago" and se means "world"
Kush English (American)
Americanization of Kusz, Kusch, Kuš and Kus.
Kushi Japanese (Rare)
Variant reading of Japanese Kanji 久枝 (see Hisaeda).
Kushibiki Japanese
From Japanese 櫛 (kushi) meaning "comb" and 引 (hiki) meaning "pull, stretch".
Kushida Japanese (Rare)
This surname is written multiple ways, Kushi meaning "Skewer" or "Comb" (these are different kanji),and da is "Rice Paddy".
Kushieda Japanese (Rare)
Kushi means "Comb" and Eda means "Branch, Twig".
Kushige Japanese (Rare)
From Japanese 櫛笥 (Kushige) meaning "Kushige", a former alley in the area of Kushige in the ward of Kamigyō in the city of Kyōto in the prefecture of Kyōto in Japan.... [more]
Kushige Japanese (Rare)
From Japanese 櫛 (kushi) meaning "comb" and 下 (ge) meaning "bottom; low", possibly referring to a comb case.
Kushige Japanese (Rare)
From Japanese 櫛下 (Kushige), from 櫛下門 (Kushigemon), the name of one of the groups of several households in the Kadowari System that took place in the Edo Period in the former Japanese province of Satsuma in parts of present-day Kagoshima, Japan, as well as surrounding areas.
Kushman German, Jewish
Variant spelling of Kuschmann.
Kushner Jewish
This surname is a German Jewish given name. A notable bearer is Jared Kushner the son in law of President Donald J. Trump who became president in the year 2016.
Kushnir Ukrainian
Means "furrier, fur seller, animal skinner" in Ukrainian.
Kushwaha Indian
Kushwaha (sometimes, Kushvaha) is a community of the Indo-Gangetic plain which has traditionally been involved in agriculture. The term has been used to represent at least four subcastes, being those of the Kachhis, Kachwahas, Koeris and Muraos... [more]
Kuslapuu Estonian
Kuslapuu is an Estonian surname meaning "honeysuckle tree".
Küster German
It literally means "sexton".
Kusters Dutch
Variant of Koster.
Kusuda Japanese
From Japanese 楠 (kusu) meaning "camphor tree" and 田 (ta) meaning "field, rice paddy".
Kusunoki Japanese
From Japanese 楠 (kusunoki) meaning "camphor tree". This name can also be formed from 楠 (kusu) meaning "camphor", an unwritten possessive particle, and 木 (ki) meaning "tree, wood".
Kutch German (Anglicized)
Americanized variant of German Kutsch.
Kutcher Czech (Anglicized)
Anglicized form of Kučer or Kučera. Notable actor Ashton Kutcher is of Czech origin.
Kutlu Turkish
Means "auspicious, blessed, happy, holy, lucky" in Turkish.
Kutnjak Croatian
Derived from kutnjak, meaning "molar".
Kutsar Estonian
Kutsar is an Estonian surname meaning "coachman".
Kutsch German
Topographic name of Slavic origin, from Sorbian kut ‘corner’, ‘nook’. Variant of Kutsche, metonymic occupational name for a coachman or coachbuilder, from the Hungarian loanword kocsi (see Kocsis).
Kutscher German, Jewish
occupational name for a coachman or coach builder from a derivative of the 16th-century Hungarian loanword kocsi "coach" German kutsche. The German -u- vowel comes from Slavic (Polish kucer).
Kutschera German
German cognate of Kučera.
Kutsuku Japanese (Rare)
Variant reading of Japanese 鞠 (see Mari).
Kütt Estonian
Means "hunter" in Estonian, derived from Middle Low German schütte.
Kuttelwascher German
Surname given to those who had the occupation of cleaning tripe. Combines the words kuttel meaning "tripe" and washer meaning "washer". Bearers of the surname typically live in Austria.
Küttim Estonian
Küttim is an Estonian surname derived from "küttima" meaning "to hunt" or "pursue".
Kuttner German
Originally from a nickname for someone wearing monk robes from Middle High German kuttner "robe wearing monk".
Kutty Indian, Malayalam, Tamil
Means "child" in Malayalam and Tamil.
Kütük Turkish
Means "tree log, stump" in Turkish.
Kutz Italian
Habitational name for someone from Kuhz, near Prenzlau.
Kutz German
From a pet form of the personal name Konrad.
Kutz Polish
Germanized form of Polish Kuc "pony", "short person".
Kutzer German
Occupational name for a coachman or coach builder from old high German kutsche from Hungarian kocsi "coach". Variant of Kutscher.
Kutzler German
This is the surname of my great-grandfather, of German ancestry.
Kuub Estonian
Kuub is an Estonian surname meaning "coat" and "jacket".
Kuul Estonian
Probably derived from Estonian kuul meaning "bullet, ball".
Kuular Tuvan
Derived from Tuvan куу (kuu) meaning "swan" or "gray". Names bearing unfavourable meanings were traditionally used by Tuvans to ward off evil spirits.
Kuulmata Estonian
Kullmata is an Estonian surname derived from "kuulmatu" meaning "unheard".
Kuulpak Estonian
Kuulpak is an Estonian surname meaning "bullet ("kuul") "pack/packet/stock" ("pakk").
Kuum Estonian
Kuum is an Estonian surname meaning "hot" and "blazing".
Küün Estonian
Küün is an Estonian surname meaning "barn".
Küünal Estonian
Küünal is an Estonian surname meaning "candle".
Kuur Estonian
Kuur is an Estonian surname meaning "shed" or "hovel".
Kuurmaa Estonian
Kuurmaa is an Estonian surname meaning "shed/hovel land".
Kuusalu Estonian
Kuusalu is an Estonian surname derived from "kuusik" meaning "spruce wood" and "salu" meaning "grove".
Kuuse Estonian
Kuuse is an Estonian surname meaning "fir".
Kuusepuu Estonian
Kuusepuu is an Estonian surname meaning "fir tree".
Kuusik Estonian
Kuusik is an Estonian surname meaning "spruce stand".
Kuusinen Finnish
A surname originating from Eastern Finland, comprised of the elements “kuusi” meaning “six” or “moon”, and the suffix “-nen” which is typical of Eastern Finnish surnames. A notable bearer of this name is the Finnish-Soviet politician and writer Otto V. Kuusinen, one of the original founders of the Finnish Communist Party.
Kuusisto Finnish
Means "spruce forest" in Finnish, from Finnish kuusi "spruce" combined with a collective forming suffix.
Kuusk Estonian
Kuusk is an Estonian surname meaning "spruce".
Kuuskmaa Estonian
Kuuskmaa is an Estonian surname meaning "fir/spruce land".
Kuuspalu Estonian
Kuuspalu is an Estonian surname meaning "fir (kuusk) heathy woodland (palu)".
Kuut Estonian
Kuut is an Estonian surname meaning "kennel".
Küüts Estonian
Küüts is an Estonian surname meaning "lift".
Kuwahara Japanese
From Japanese 桑 (kuwa) meaning "mulberry" and 原 (hara) meaning "field, plain".
Kuwajima Japanese
From 桑 (kuwa) meaning "mulberry" and 島 (shima) meaning "island". Shima changes to jima because of rendaku.
Kuwako Japanese
Kuwa means "mulberry tree" and ko means "child, sign of the rat, first of the Chinese zodiac."
Kuwamoto Japanese
Kuwamoto/桑元 = Mulberry Origin/Book
Kuwashima Japanese (Rare)
Kuwa (桑) means "mulberry", shima (島) means "island". It is also possible to be spelled as Kuwajima
Kuwata Japanese
From Japanese 桑 (kuwa) meaning "mulberry" and 田 (ta) meaning "field, rice paddy".
Kuwatani Japanese
From Japanese 桑 (kuwa) meaning "mulberry" combined with 谷 (tani) meaning "valley". A notable bearer of this surname is Natsuko Kuwatani (桑谷 夏子), a Japanese voice-actress who is best known for voicing Ryōko Asakura from the Haruhi Suzumiya series and Alph from Magical Girl Lyrical Nanoha.
Kuwayama Japanese
From Japanese 桑 (kuwa) meaning "mulberry" and 山 (yama) meaning "mountain".
Kuyeng Chinese (Russified)
Russified form of Kuang used by ethnic Chinese living in parts of the former Soviet Union (based on the Cantonese romanization of the name).
Kuyon Hungarian, Romanian
Largely unknown, but may have origins in a village in Poland, called Kujan. There’s records on the name at Ellis Island in New York where it was anglicized to the phonetic, Kuyon. There’s also a split in the main families with the name in the US to another diminutive, Kenyon.... [more]
Kuyper Dutch
Variant of Kuiper
Kuypers Dutch
Variant of Kuiper
Kuyt Dutch
Variant of Kuijt, notably borne by the Dutch former soccer player Dirk Kuyt (1980-).
Kuze Japanese
Ku means "long time ago" and ze comes from ze meaning "world".
Kuzin Russian
Means "son of Kuzya".
Kuzina Russian
Feminine form of Kuzin.
Kuzma Ukrainian, Belarusian
From the personal name Kuzma, Greek Kosmas, a derivative of kosmos ‘universe’, ‘(ordered) arrangement’. St. Cosmas, martyred with his brother Damian in Cilicia in the early 4th century ad, came to be widely revered in the Eastern Church.
Kuzmak Ukrainian
From the given name Kuzma.
Kuz'menko Ukrainian
Alternate transcription of Kuzmenko.
Kuzmin Russian, Ukrainian
Means "son of Kuzma".
Kuzmyn Ukrainian
Variant transcription of Kuzmin.
Kuznets Russian
The Russian variation of Smith.
Kuzome Japanese (Rare)
Variant reading of Japanese Kanji 久染 (see Hisazome).
Kuzu Turkish
Means "lamb" in Turkish.
Kvasnička Czech
from kvasnička ‘sour cherry’, applied as a nickname.