German Submitted Surnames

German names are used in Germany and other German-speaking areas such as Austria and Switzerland. See also about German names.
usage
Submitted names are contributed by users of this website. The accuracy of these name definitions cannot be guaranteed.
Repass German (Swiss)
An Americanization of the Swiss Rippas. The first recorded person with this surname was from Ziefen, Switzerland.
Requa German
Variant of Ricward, from a Germanic personal name composed of the elements ric ‘power(ful)’ + ward ‘guardian’.
Reschke German
Derived from the Middle High German word "rasch" meaning "quick," or "hot-headed". As such, it may have originated as a nickname for a quick or rash person.
Resen German
Unknown source.
Reus German
Topographic name from Middle High German riuse "fish trap", or from a regional term reuse meaning "small stream, channel".
Reuss German
From German Russe meaning "Russian".
Reuss German
Occupational name for a cobbler, from Middle High German riuze.
Reusser Swiss, German, Upper German
In Switzerland, an occupational name for a fisherman or maker of fish traps, from an agent derivative of Middle High German riuse "fish trap, weir basket". A nickname from an agent noun based on Middle High German riusen "to moan or complain"... [more]
Rex English, German (Latinized)
English: variant of Ricks. ... [more]
Reznor German
May be a variant of the German surname Reisner, a habitational name for someone from a place called Reisen (for example in Bavaria), Reissen in Thuringia, or Reussen on the Saale river.
Rhein German
From the German name for the River Rhine, denoting somebody whom lived within close proximity to the river. The river name itself comes from a Celtic word meaning 'to flow' (Welsh redan, 'run, flow').
Rhine German, French, English, Irish
A habitational name for an individual whom lived within close proximity of the River Rhine (see Rhein). The river name is derived from a Celtic word meaning 'to flow' (Welsh redan, 'flow').... [more]
Rhoton German, French
Rhoton is a German and French surname from the 1800s. Some people believe that it is derived from the French word for red, but the origin is overall unknown. The name represents strength and power.
Richer French, English, German
From the given name Richer.
Richers English, German
From a Germanic personal name composed of the elements ric ‘power(ful)’ + hari, heri ‘army’. The name was introduced into England by the Normans in the form Richier, but was largely absorbed by the much more common Richard... [more]
Rickels German
Patronymic form of Rickel or possibly Richel. May have been derived from any of a number of Old German personal names including Richild (or the feminine form Richeldis) or Richold.
Ricken German
From a short form of any of the Germanic personal names composed with rīc "power(ful)".
Ridder German, Dutch
Dutch form and German variant of Ritter.
Ridinger German
A habitational name for someone from a place named Riding or Rieding. It is also possibly an altered spelling of Reitinger, a topographic name from Reit(e), which means ‘clearing’ (Old High German riuti).
Riechers German
German patronymic from Richard.
Riedel German
From the given name Riede.
Riedel German
Derived from a given name containing the Middle Low German name element riden "to ride".
Riedel German
Derived from Middle High German riet "damp, mossy area".
Riedemann German
Either a habitational name derived from places named Ried or Riede, or a topographic name derived from Low German Riede "rivulet".
Riegel German
From Middle High German rigel "bar, crossbeam, mountain incline", hence a topographic name or a habitational name from any of numerous places named with this word in Baden, Brandenburg, and Silesia; in some instances it may have been a metonymic occupational name for a maker of crossbars, locks, etc.
Riehl German (Austrian), German
Either from the given name Rühle or a from the location of Rühle or Riehl.
Riek German
German: variant spelling of Rieck.
Rieke German
Variant of Rieck
Riesen German
It is a name for a wood carver.
Riesenberg German
Topographic name for someone who lived by a big mountain, from Middle High German rise meaning "giant" and berg meaning "mountain".
Riesenberg German
Topographic name for someone who lived by a big mountain, derived from Middle High German rise meaning "giant" and berg meaning "mountain".
Riesenburg German
Variant spelling of Riesenberg.
Rieser Swiss, German
Alemannic form of Reiser. A habitational name for someone from Ries near Passau. Alemannic variant of Rüsser and Rüser, a variant of Reusser... [more]
Rieth German
"reed" -- a tall, slender-leaved plant of the grass family that grows in water or on marshy ground.
Rind German
Probably a metonymic occupational name for a cattle dealer or butcher, from Middle High German rint meaning "cow".
Rindfleisch German
Means "beef" in German (lit. cow flesh). Compare Kalbfleisch.
Rindt German
Variant of Rind.
Ringelberg German
From the mountain on which sat Castle Ringel.
Ringgold German
Comes from Germanic ring "ring" or "assembly" and wald "rule"
Ripp English (American), East Frisian, German
From Ripp, a Frisian pet name for Rippert.
Rippas German (Swiss)
The first recorded person with this surname was from Ziefen, Switzerland.
Ritch English, German, German (Swiss)
1. English: variant spelling of Rich. ... [more]
Ritchings French, German, English
This surname has at least three distinct separate origins. ... [more]
Ritfeld German, Dutch (Anglicized)
German surname and anglicized Dutch form of Rietveld
Ritschel German, History
Derived from Old High German hruod "fame". This was the maiden name of Magda Goebbels who was the wife of Paul Joseph Goebbels. Her husband was Nazi Germany's propaganda minister between the years 1933 and 1945... [more]
Ritt German
Either a topographic name from Old High German ritta meaning "reeds" or a habitational name from a place near Kassel, Germany. Alternately it may also be a variant of Ried.
Ritterman German
From Middle High German riter meaning "rider, knight" and man literally meaning "man".
Rittinghaus German
Name for someone who lives in a farmhouse.
Rittman German, English
From Middle High German "riet" and "mann", riet meaning reed.
Ritz German
From a short form of the personal name Rizo, itself derived in part from Richard and in part from Heinrich (see Henry).
Ritzi German
Diminutive of Ritz.
Rix German
given to a person who resided near a hill, stream, church, or tree
Rober German
Variant of Röber (see Roeber).
Rockefeller German
Means "from Rockenfeld." Some famous bearers include founder of the Standard Oil Company and philanthropist John Davison Rockefeller (1839-1937), and 41st Vice President of the U.S.A. Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller (1908-1979).
Rockhold German (Americanized)
Possibly an Americanized form of German Rocholl or Rochholt, derived from a Germanic personal name composed of Old Germanic ruoche "care, prudence" and wald "rule, power".
Rockman German
Possibly a habitational name for someone from Rockau in Thuringia.
Rockman German, Jewish
Possibly an altered spelling of Rochman.
Rockmann German
From German Rock (skirt) + mann (man)
Rodewald German, English (American)
From the Old German elements hruod "fame" and walt "power, authority".
Roel Dutch, German
From the given name Roel, a short form of Roeland or Roelof.
Roemer German
Refers to a pilgrim or merchant visiting Rome.
Roeschlaub German (Rare, Archaic)
Comes from the Bavarian meaning 'Rustling Leaves'
Rohme German
From the Germanic personal name Ruom (Old High German hruom ‘fame’), a short form of Ruombald and similar personal names containing this element.
Rohr German, Jewish
Topographic name for someone who lived in an area thickly grown with reeds, from Middle High German ror. Also a habitational name from one of the several places named with this word.
Rohrbach German, German (Swiss)
German and Swiss German: habitational name from any of numerous places called Rohrbach (‘reed brook’ or ‘channel brook’) in many parts of Germany, Switzerland, and Austria. It is a common surname in Pennsylvania.
Rohrlach German (Rare), American
Form a place name, e.g., Rohrlach (Kreis Hirschberg) in Silesia (now Trzcińsko, Poland)
Rohrsen German
Unknown source.
Roland French, German, Scottish
French, German, English, and Scottish: from a Germanic personal name composed hrod ‘renown’ + -nand ‘bold’, assimilated to -lant ‘land’. (Compare Rowland).... [more]
Rolf English, German
Derived from the given name Rolf.
Rolfs German
This surname means "son of Rolf," a patronymic surname from northern Germany.
Roll Upper German, German, English
German: from Middle High German rolle, rulle ‘roll’, ‘list’, possibly applied as a metonymic occupational name for a scribe.... [more]
Rollin English, German
English: variant of Rolling.... [more]
Romana Catalan, French, Italian, Polish, English (Rare), German, Hungarian, Romanian, Ukrainian, Belarusian
From the feminine form of the Latin personal name Romanus, which originally meant "Roman".
Rommel Upper German, Dutch
Nickname for a noisy and disruptive person, from Middle Dutch rommel "noise, disorder, disturbance". Alternatively, a variant of Rummel.
Romp English, German
Likely a variant of Rump.
Ronnenberg German (Germanized, Rare)
Ronnenberg is a German town in the region of Hannover in Niedersachsen. It consists of 7 areas: Benthe, Empelde, Ihme-Roloven, Linderte, Ronnenberg, Vörie and Weetzen. The town is known for the Church named Michaelis from the 12th century.... [more]
Röntgen German
Meaning uncertain. This was the name of German physicist Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (1845-1923) who discovered and studied x-rays. Röntgen called the radiation "X" because it was an unknown type of radiation.
Roos Estonian, Swedish, Danish, Dutch, German (Swiss), Low German
Means "rose" in Estonian and Dutch. Swedish and Danish variant of Ros, also meaning "rose". This could be a locational name for someone living near roses, an occupational name for someone who grew roses, or a nickname for someone with reddish skin.
Roose English, Dutch, German
Variant spelling of Rose 1, Rose 2, Roos or Ross.
Rosberg German
Meaning "rose" "mountain"
Rosemeyer German
Derived from the Middle High German rose meaning "rose" and meier meaning "(tenant) farmer steward". This is a German nickname and distinguishing name for a farmer who grew or liked roses.
Rosen German, Jewish
Means "Roses" in German
Rosenbaum German, Czech
Habitational name for someone who lived at a house distinguished by the sign of a rosebush, Middle High German rōsenboum.
Rosencrantz German
Means "rose wreath" in German.
Rosendahl Swedish, Danish, German
Swedish and Danish ornamental name meaning "rose valley" and German variant of Rosenthal, also meaning "rose valley".
Rosenheim German (Rare)
Derived from "home of roses".
Rosenthal German, Jewish
name for any of numerous places named rosenthal or rosendahl. means " rose valley"
Rosenwald German, Jewish
Means "rose forest" in German. As a Jewish surname it is ornamental.
Rosenzweig German, Jewish
A German and Jewish surname, meaning "rose twig" or "branch".
Roser German
German: topographic name for "someone who lived at a place where wild roses grew" (see Rose 1), with the suffix -er denoting an inhabitant.German (Röser): habitational name from places called Rös, Roes, or Rösa in Bavaria, Rhineland, and Saxony, or a variant of Rosser.Swiss German (Röser): from a short form of a Germanic personal name based on hrod "renown".English: "unexplained".
Rosing German
1 German and Dutch: patronymic from a derivative of the medieval personal name Rozinus.... [more]
Rosmarin German
According to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosemary and Latin dictonaries the name Rosmarin derives from the Latin words 'ros' ('dew' or 'tear') and 'marin' ('sea')... [more]
Rössel German
Means "knight" in German.
Rost German
From a nickname for a red-haired person, from Middle High German rost meaning ‘rust’.
Rost German
A metonymic occupational name for a limeburner or blacksmith, from Middle High German, Middle Low German rōst meaning ‘grate, grill’ or Middle High German rōst(e) meaning ‘fire, embers, pyre, grate’ (typically one for burning lime).
Roszhart German
The original spelling of the name is Roßhart. Roß means "horse" and hart means "hard" in German. The name was changed when the family immigrated to the United States in the 1850's. Some took on the name "Rosshart", and some "Roszhart" as the ß has the "sss" sound.
Rothacker German
Either a topographic name based on a field name derived from Middle High German riuten roten "to clear land (for cultivation)" and acker "field"... [more]
Rothberg German
From the elements rot "red" and berg "mountain" meaning "red mountain". Variant of Rothenberg.
Rothfus German
Middle High German rot "red" + vuoz "foot", a nickname for someone who followed the fashion for shoes made from a type of fine reddish leather. Or a variant of Rotfuchs, from the Middle Low German form fos "fox", a nickname for a clever person.
Rothfuss German
Variant spelling of Rothfus. A notable bearer is Patrick Rothfuss (1973-), an American author of epic fantasy.
Rothman German, Jewish
German (Rothmann) and Jewish (Ashkenazic): nickname for a person with red hair, from an elaborated form of Roth 1. ... [more]
Rothmann German
German: see Rothman.
Rothstein German, Jewish
From German rot meaning "red" and stein meaning "stone".
Rotstein German
German surname that means "red stone".
Rott German
As far as I've researched the name dates back to a man by the name of Count Palatine Kuno von Rott (~1083). After he got land from the Pfalzfrafs which seem to be a nobile family line.... [more]
Rotter German
Variant spelling of Rother, an occupational name for the foreman or leader of a group or association of men, or a work gang, from an agent derivative of Middle High German rotte ‘team’, ‘gang’... [more]
Rottscheit German
Modernization of Rotscheidt, also a city in Germany (Rottscheidt) bearing another modern alternate spelling. When broken down it ultimately means "red" and "piece of wood", implying that the families of today descends from woodwrokers.
Röver German
This surname was originally used as a derogative nickname for an unscrupulous individual, from Middle Low German rover meaning "pirate, robber."
Rover English, German (Anglicized)
This surname is derived from Middle English roof (from Old English hrof) combined with the agent suffix (i)er, which denotes someone who does/works with something. Thus, the surname was originally used for a constructor or repairer of roofs.... [more]
Röwekamp German
From old German röwe meaning "lion" and kamp meaning "fighter". Perhaps named for someone who's brave.
Rubert German, Catalan
From Rubert a variant of Robert and Rupert.
Rubin French, German, Slovene, Croatian, Czech, Slovak
Metonymic occupational name for a jeweler, from Middle High German rubn Old French rubi Slovenian and Croatian rubin Czech and Slovak rubín "ruby"... [more]
Rubinstein German, Jewish, Polish
Means "ruby stone", from rubin and stein. Rubin means "ruby" in German and stein means "stone" in German.
Ruch German (Swiss)
It was originally a nickname for a greedy person, from Middle High German ruoch ‘eager,’ ‘intent.’... [more]
Rucker German
Middle High German: nickname rucken "to move or draw". North German: nickname from Middle Low German rucker "thief", "greedy or acquisitive person". German: from a reduced form of the Germanic personal name Rudiger... [more]
Rückmann German
From a Germanic personal name based on hrok "intent", "eager" (Old High German ruoh).
Rudatis German (East Prussian)
Derived from Old Prussian ruds and Lithuanian rudas "(of hair) red" or Lithuanian rudis "redhead".
Rude Norwegian, German
German: From a pet form of a personal name formed with Old High German hrōd "fame", for example Rudolf or Rüdiger... [more]
Ruderer German
Occupational name meaning "Rower" in German.
Rüdiger German
From the given name Rüdiger.
Rudner German
German: unexplained. Perhaps a variant of Redner.
Rudolf German
From a personal name composed of Old High German hrōd "renown" and wolf "wolf", equivalent to English Ralph. This name is also found in Slovenia.
Ruedig German
Variation of Rudig.
Rueger German
The name was likely first bestowed on someone thought to have the characteristics of a heron as a nickname, eventually becoming a hereditary surname.
Ruesch German (Swiss), Jewish
Swiss/German variant of Rusch. Meaning "shaggy," "bristly," "unkempt," or "quick."
Ruetten German
(Rütten): from a field name, here showing an inflected form from a full name like aus den Rütten ‘from the clearing(s)’ (see Rutten and Reuter 1
Ruge German
Nickname from Middle High German ruowe, ruge ‘quiet’, ‘calm’ or Low German rug ‘rough’, ‘crude’.... [more]
Rugh German
A variant of the Alsacian German (and probably Swiss before that) Ruch. Also a variant of the Danish Rügh (not related as far as is known)
Ruh German
Derived from German ruhig meaning "quiet".
Ruhe German
Variant of Ruge. (Rühe) is also a nickname from Rüde ‘hound.’ Habitational name from places named Rühen, Rüden, Rhüden in northern Germany.
Ruhland German
Variation of Rüland.
Ruhr German
Name given to a person who lived near the Ruhr River in Germany.
Ruland German
Medieval form of Roland.
Rumfelt German, Dutch
Altered spelling of German Romfeld, derived from Middle Low German rüm- meaning "to clear (land)" and feld meaning "open country, field", hence a topographic name or possibly a metonymic occupational name for a person engaged in clearing woodland, or in some cases a habitational name for someone from Romfelt in the Ardennes... [more]
Rumfield German (Anglicized)
Americanized form of Rumfelt.
Rummel German
Derived from a short form of names containing the element hruom "fame, glory". Alternatively, could be a nickname for a noisemaker, from Middle High German rummeln "to make noise, to move impetuously"... [more]
Rummenigge German
Meaning uncertain. It could possibly be an occupational name for a viticulturist who grew grapes to make wine, a seller or producer of Romanian wine, or a nickname for a person who preferred to drink Romanian wine... [more]
Rumple German
It is derived from Rumbald, an Old German personal name.
Rumschlag German
This name is possibly a derivative of the German word for "envelope" which is spelled 'Umschlag'.
Rumsfeld German
Variant spelling of Rumfelt. A notable bearer was the American politician, businessman and Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld (1932-2021).
Runge German
From the old word "runga", meaning stick or whip
Rupp German
Derived from Rupp, which is a medieval short form of Ruppert and Rupprecht.
Ruprecht German
From the given name Ruprecht.
Rusch German
Derived from Middle High German and Middle Low German rusch "rush reeds".
Rusch German (Swiss), Romansh
Derived from a diminutive of the given name Rudolf.
Ruschel German
Variant of Rusch
Rusher German (Americanized)
Americanized version of the German surname Rüscher or Roshcer. Either a topographic name for someone who lived among rushes or an occupational name for someone who created things out of rushes.
Rüster German
Means "elm (tree)" in German. Could alternatively derive from rüsten to "to equip, to arm", an occupational name for someone who provided weapons to an army.
Ruth English, German (Swiss)
English: from Middle English reuthe ‘pity’ (a derivative of rewen to pity, Old English hreowan) nickname for a charitable person or for a pitiable one. Not related to the given name in this case.... [more]
Rutman Jewish, German
1. Jewish (eastern Ashkenazic): origin uncertain; perhaps a variant of Rothman. ... [more]
Rutmann German
German: see Rutman.
Rutt English, German
English: variant of Root.... [more]
Rutz Romansh, German (Swiss), German (Austrian)
Derived from a diminutive of the given name Rudolf.
Ryne German (Swiss)
Respelling of Swiss German Rhyn, a topographic name for someone living on the Rhine river, Middle High German Rin.
Rynearson German, German (Swiss)
Derived from the Rhine River.
Sachse German
Variant of Sachs.
Sachtleben German
Nickname for someone perceived to lead a carefree, easy life, from Middle Low German sacht(e) meaning "soft" + leben meaning "life".
Sackhoff German
Occupational name for a farmer who cultivated land to grow plants, particularly crops, derived from Middle High German sack meaning "sack, end of a valley, area of cultivation" and hof meaning "farmstead, manor, farm"... [more]
Sackmann German
Occupational name from Middle High German sacman meaning "baggage servant", one who was in charge of transporting and looking after a knight’s baggage and supplies on campaign.
Sadat German (Rare)
The last name Sadat means "master" and "gentleman," and is originally a religious last name which was popular in the west, more precisely in Germany.
Saenger German, Jewish
Occupational name for a chorister or a nickname for someone who liked singing, from Middle High German senger, German Sänger meaning "singer".
Saffeels English (Rare), German (Rare)
Used as a last name a minimum of 82 times in (USA, Germany).
Sallwasser German
It is derived from the German words (Salz) meaning "salt", & (Salweide) meaning "water".
Saltzman Jewish, German
Altered spelling of Salzmann.
Salzer German
For someone who worked with salt from Middle High German salz "salt" (from Latin sal).
Salzmann German, Jewish
Occupational name for a producer or seller of salt, from German salz "salt" + mann "man".
Samet German, Jewish, Yiddish
German and Jewish (Ashkenazic) metonymic occupational name for a maker or seller of velvet, from Yiddish samet ‘velvet’ (German Samt, ultimately from Greek hexamiton, a compound of hex ‘six’ + mitos ‘thread’).
Samis German
From a pet form of the personal name Samuel.
Sand English, Scottish, Norwegian, Swedish, Danish, German, Jewish
From the vocabulary word sand. As a Swedish and Jewish name, often ornamental. Otherwise topographic.
Sande German
Variant of Sand.
Sandmeier German, German (Swiss), German (Austrian)
From Middle High German sand combined with Meier 1, referring to a tenant farmer whose farm was on sandy soil.
Sankt Johann German
Means Saint John in German.
Saperstein Jewish, German
“Sapphire” and “stone”
Sarnow Polabian (Germanized), German
From the village of Sarnow in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Surname of the mayor of Stralsund Karsten Sarnow.
Sartorius German (Latinized)
Translation into Latin of the German surname Schneider, from Latin sartor, "tailor".
Sass German
Variant of Sasse.
Saß German
Variant of Sass.
Sasse German
Variant of Sachs via the form Sachse.
Sattler German
An occupational name meaning "saddle maker".
Sauerbier German
From German sauer meaning "sour" and bier meaning "beer". It originally referred to a brewer of sour beer.
Sauerwein German
Occupational nickname for someone who sold sour wine, or perhaps a nickname for someone with a sour disposition, from Middle High German sur "sour" + win "wine", i.e. vinegar.
Saur German
Variant of Sauer.
Sawade German
German form of Zawada.
Sax Upper German, Dutch, Flemish
South German variant of Sachs and Dutch variant of Sas.
Saxer German (Swiss), Romansh
Habitational name for someone from a place called Sax or Saxe.
Schaaf German
Metonymic occupational name for a shepherd, from Middle High German schāf ‘sheep’. In some cases it may have been a nickname for someone thought to resemble a sheep, or a habitational name for someone living at a house distinguished by the sign of a sheep... [more]
Schaal German, Dutch, French, Jewish
Either a nickname for a braggart or a market crier, (derived from Middle High German schal meaning "noise, bragging"), an occupational name for someone who made dishes for scales and vessels for drinking, (from Middle Low German and Dutch schale "dish"), a habitational name from Schaala in Thuringia or the Schaalsee lake near Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, or a topographic name for someone living on marshy land, (from Dutch schald "shallow")... [more]
Schaben German
Describes an inhabitant of the region Swabia
Schachner German
German origins (as told to me by my family); popular in Austria and also has Jewish and Slavic origins, according to the internet/ancestry.com.
Schacht German, Flemish
From Middle Low German and Middle Dutch schacht "shaft; pole, tunnel", a metonymic occupational name for someone who made shafts for tools or weapons, or who worked in a mineshaft.
Schade German, Dutch
From schade "damage, injury", a derivative of schaden "to do damage, harm, hurt", generally a nickname for a thug or clumsy person, or, more particularly, a robber knight, who raided others’ lands.
Schaefer German (?)
Originating in Germany SCHAEFER is a given surname meaning Shepard in German.
Schaff German
Name given to sheepherders, accounding to personal family history.
Schäffler German
Occupational name for a cooper, from an agent derivative of Middle High German scheffel "bushel".
Schaffner German, Jewish, German (Swiss)
German: occupational name for a steward or bailiff, variant of Schaffer.
Schalk German, Dutch
From Old High German scalc "servant, retainer, jester", which eventually evolved to mean "joker, rogue, knave". Could be an occupational name for an attendant or jester, a nickname for someone mischievous, or derived from a given name containing scalc as an element, such as Godschalk.
Schall German
Nickname for a braggart or for a market crier from Middle High German schal "noise" "bragging".
Schaller Upper German
From Middle High German word "schal," which means "noise," or "bragging," and as such is was thought to have originally been a nickname for a braggart, or for a market crier.
Schankweiler German
From the name of a German municipality, derived from Schank "bar, pub, tavern" and Weiler "hamlet".
Scharfe German
Means "sharp" in German.
Schattner German, Jewish
Habitational name for someone from any of several places named Schaten or Schatten, or a topographic name for someone living in a shady location, from Middle High German schate "shade", "protection".
Schatz German, Jewish
German and Jewish (Ashkenazic) metonymic occupational name for a treasurer, from German Schatz ‘treasure’, Middle High German scha(t)z. It may also have been a nickname for a rich man (or ironically for a miser), or else for a well-liked person or a ladies’ favorite, from the use of the vocabulary word as a term of endearment... [more]
Schätzel German
German diminutive of Schatz, or a nickname for a lover meaning "little sweetheart" (from the same word used as a term of endearment).
Schauble German
Diminutive of Scaub
Schauer German
The Schauer surname comes from the Middle High German word "schouwen" meaning "to inspect;" as such, the name is thought to have originally been occupational, for some kind of inspector, perhaps an official of a market.